Datasets › Caltech-101

Caltech-101

Introduced in Learning generative visual models from few training examples: An incremental Bayesian approach tested on 101 object categories1 Jan 2004 archive 2025-07-28

The Caltech101 dataset contains images from 101 object categories (e.g., “helicopter”, “elephant” and “chair” etc.) and a background category that contains the images not from the 101 object categories. For each object category, there are about 40 to 800 images, while most classes have about 50 images. The resolution of the image is roughly about 300×200 pixels.

Source: Simple and Efficient Learning using Privileged Information

Benchmarks archive 2025-07-28

All 10 leaderboards whose dataset resolves to this page shown (sort by any header). "First row" is the archive's own first row at snapshot, in the archive's row order; nothing here re-ranks and metric direction is not asserted.

First row (archive order)PaperCode
Fine-Grained Image Classification Caltech-101 VIT-L/16 Top-1 Error Rate 1.98% Reduction of Class Activation Uncertainty with... dipuk0506/SpinalNet +1 18 Compare
Prompt Engineering Caltech-101 PromptKD Harmonic mean 97.77 PromptKD: Unsupervised Prompt Distillation for... zhengli97/promptkd 14 Compare
Density Estimation Caltech-101 B-NAF Negative ELBO 94.91 Block Neural Autoregressive Flow nicola-decao/BNAF +3 3 Compare
Semantic correspondence Caltech-101 HPF IoU 63 Hyperpixel Flow: Semantic Correspondence with... juhongm999/hpf 2 Compare
Zero-Shot Learning Caltech-101 ZLaP Accuracy 84 Label Propagation for Zero-shot Classification with... vladan-stojnic/zlap 2 Compare
Image Clustering Caltech-101 TURTLE (CLIP + DINOv2) Accuracy 89.8 Let Go of Your Labels with Unsupervised Transfer mlbio-epfl/turtle 1 Compare
Semi-Supervised Image Classification Caltech-101 UL-Hopfield (ULH) Accuracy 91.00% Unsupervised Learning using Pretrained CNN and... — 1 Compare
Semi-Supervised Image Classification Caltech-101, 202 Labels UL-Hopfield (ULH) Accuracy 91.00% Unsupervised Learning using Pretrained CNN and... — 1 Compare
Transductive Zero-Shot Classification Caltech-101 ZLaP Accuracy 83.7 Label Propagation for Zero-shot Classification with... vladan-stojnic/zlap 1 Compare
Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Caltech-101 RSRAE AUC (outlier ratio = 0.5) 0.772 Robust Subspace Recovery Layer for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection dmzou/RSRAE +1 1 Compare

Papers archive 2025-07-28

30 shown of 38 papers with a leaderboard row on this dataset's benchmarks, newest first. The archive's own "papers using this dataset" list was never published, so this is the benchmark-backed subset; the archive's count for this dataset is 709. The Syntology column is from Syntology's graph (read 2026-09-24), stated per sample; it is not part of any archive number.

DateSamples run Syntology
MMRL++: Parameter-Efficient and Interaction-Aware Representation Learning for Vision-Language Models 1 1 15 May 2025 not harvested
MMRL: Multi-Modal Representation Learning for Vision-Language Models 1 1 11 Mar 2025 ran 0 of 1 samples (1 unverified)
Stochastic Subsampling With Average Pooling 0 1 25 Sep 2024 not harvested
HPT++: Hierarchically Prompting Vision-Language Models with Multi-Granularity Knowledge Generation and Improved Structure Modeling 2 1 27 Aug 2024 not harvested
Let Go of Your Labels with Unsupervised Transfer 1 1 11 Jun 2024 ran 3 of 4 samples (1 unverified; 4 pointer-only for licence)
Label Propagation for Zero-shot Classification with Vision-Language Models 1 3 5 Apr 2024 ran 1 of 2 samples (1 unverified)
Prompt Learning via Meta-Regularization 1 1 1 Apr 2024 ran 4 of 7 samples (3 unverified)
PaddingFlow: Improving Normalizing Flows with Padding-Dimensional Noise 1 1 13 Mar 2024 not harvested
PromptKD: Unsupervised Prompt Distillation for Vision-Language Models 1 1 5 Mar 2024 not harvested
Learning Hierarchical Prompt with Structured Linguistic Knowledge for Vision-Language Models 2 1 11 Dec 2023 ran 3 of 7 samples (4 unverified)
DePT: Decoupled Prompt Tuning 1 1 14 Sep 2023 ran 4 of 8 samples (4 unverified; 8 pointer-only for licence)
Read-only Prompt Optimization for Vision-Language Few-shot Learning 1 1 29 Aug 2023 ran 4 of 6 samples (2 unverified)
Self-regulating Prompts: Foundational Model Adaptation without Forgetting 2 1 13 Jul 2023 ran 7 of 21 samples (14 unverified)
Consistency-guided Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Models 2 1 1 Jun 2023 ran 3 of 7 samples (4 unverified)
Understanding Gaussian Attention Bias of Vision Transformers Using Effective Receptive Fields 1 1 8 May 2023 not harvested
Reduction of Class Activation Uncertainty with Background Information 2 1 5 May 2023 not harvested
How to Use Dropout Correctly on Residual Networks with Batch Normalization 1 1 13 Feb 2023 not harvested
On the Ideal Number of Groups for Isometric Gradient Propagation 0 1 7 Feb 2023 not harvested
Learning Domain Invariant Prompt for Vision-Language Models 1 1 8 Dec 2022 not harvested
MaPLe: Multi-modal Prompt Learning 3 1 6 Oct 2022 ran 4 of 6 samples (2 unverified)
A Continual Development Methodology for Large-scale Multitask Dynamic ML Systems 1 1 15 Sep 2022 not harvested
An Evolutionary Approach to Dynamic Introduction of Tasks in Large-scale Multitask Learning Systems 1 1 25 May 2022 not harvested
Bamboo: Building Mega-Scale Vision Dataset Continually with Human-Machine Synergy 2 1 15 Mar 2022 ran 3 of 3 samples (0 unverified; 3 pointer-only for licence)
Conditional Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Models 12 1 10 Mar 2022 ran 4 of 6 samples (2 unverified)
Vision Models Are More Robust And Fair When Pretrained On Uncurated Images Without Supervision 1 1 16 Feb 2022 not harvested
Self-Supervised Learning by Estimating Twin Class Distributions 2 1 14 Oct 2021 ran 5 of 15 samples (10 unverified)
Dead Pixel Test Using Effective Receptive Field 1 1 31 Aug 2021 not harvested
With a Little Help from My Friends: Nearest-Neighbor Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations 4 1 29 Apr 2021 ran 4 of 5 samples (1 unverified)
ProgressiveSpinalNet architecture for FC layers 1 1 21 Mar 2021 not harvested
Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision 82 1 26 Feb 2021 ran 16 of 20 samples (4 unverified; 16 pointer-only for licence)

The full list of 38 is in the JSON twin.

Dataset loaders archive 2025-07-28

4 loaders as listed in the archive; links are outbound and not re-checked here.

Tasks archive 2025-07-28

License archive 2025-07-28

Unknown

Modalities archive 2025-07-28

Languages archive 2025-07-28

No language tagged.

Variants archive 2025-07-28

  • Caltech-101
  • Caltech-101, 202 Labels

2 variant names, as the archive lists them.

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