Long Form Question Answering

Description from the archive archive 2025-07-28.

Benchmarks archive 2025-07-28

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Libraries

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Datasets archive 2025-07-28

5 datasets whose archive record lists this task, ordered by the archive's paper count.

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Parent tasks archive 2025-07-28

Most implemented papers archive 2025-07-28

30 shown of 32 papers with code (61 tagged with this task in all), ordered by repositories listed in the archive, not by stars (the archive holds no stars, so PwC's “Social” and “Latest” sorts cannot be reproduced). Papers without a page here are shown as plain text.

• ELI5: Long Form Question Answering
  22 Jul 2019 3 repositories listed Syntology ran 4 of 11 samples · 7 unverified · 4 pointer-only (licence)
  We introduce the first large-scale corpus for long-form question answering, a task requiring elaborate and in-depth answers to open-ended questions.
• SEMQA: Semi-Extractive Multi-Source Question Answering
  8 Nov 2023 2 repositories listed
  Experimenting with several LLMs in various settings, we find this task to be surprisingly challenging, demonstrating the importance of QuoteSum for developing and studying such consolidation capabilities.
• Beyond One-Preference-Fits-All Alignment: Multi-Objective Direct Preference Optimization
  5 Oct 2023 2 repositories listed
  A single language model, even when aligned with labelers through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), may not suit all human preferences.
• LongForm: Effective Instruction Tuning with Reverse Instructions
  17 Apr 2023 2 repositories listed
  We generate instructions via LLMs for human-written corpus examples using reverse instructions.
• Hurdles to Progress in Long-form Question Answering
  10 Mar 2021 2 repositories listed
  The task of long-form question answering (LFQA) involves retrieving documents relevant to a given question and using them to generate a paragraph-length answer.
• GenerationPrograms: Fine-grained Attribution with Executable Programs
  17 Jun 2025 1 repository listed
  Recent large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance in source-conditioned text generation but often fail to correctly provide fine-grained attributions for their outputs, undermining verifiability and…
• Atomic Consistency Preference Optimization for Long-Form Question Answering
  14 May 2025 1 repository listed
  Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently produce factoid hallucinations - plausible yet incorrect answers.
• An Empirical Study of Evaluating Long-form Question Answering
  25 Apr 2025 1 repository listed
  We address this gap by conducting an in-depth study of long-form answer evaluation with the following research questions: (i) To what extent do existing automatic evaluation metrics serve as a substitute for human…
• On the Influence of Context Size and Model Choice in Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems
  20 Feb 2025 1 repository listed
  Finally, we show that different general-purpose LLMs excel in the biomedical domain than the encyclopedic one, and that open-domain evidence retrieval in large corpora is challenging.
• How Much Do LLMs Hallucinate across Languages? On Multilingual Estimation of LLM Hallucination in the Wild
  18 Feb 2025 1 repository listed
  In the age of misinformation, hallucination -- the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate non-factual or unfaithful responses -- represents the main risk for their global utility.
• SelfCite: Self-Supervised Alignment for Context Attribution in Large Language Models
  13 Feb 2025 1 repository listed
  We introduce SelfCite, a novel self-supervised approach that aligns LLMs to generate high-quality, fine-grained, sentence-level citations for the statements in their generated responses.
• A Claim Decomposition Benchmark for Long-form Answer Verification
  16 Oct 2024 1 repository listed
  To bridge this gap, we introduce a new claim decomposition benchmark, which requires building system that can identify atomic and checkworthy claims for LLM responses.
• Ancient Wisdom, Modern Tools: Exploring Retrieval-Augmented LLMs for Ancient Indian Philosophy
  21 Aug 2024 1 repository listed
  We develop and benchmark a RAG model against a standard, non-RAG LLM, focusing on transcription, retrieval, and generation performance.
• Putting People in LLMs' Shoes: Generating Better Answers via Question Rewriter
  20 Aug 2024 1 repository listed
  By enhancing the intelligibility of human questions for black-box LLMs, our question rewriter improves the quality of generated answers.
• Localizing and Mitigating Errors in Long-form Question Answering
  16 Jul 2024 1 repository listed
  This work introduces HaluQuestQA, the first hallucination dataset with localized error annotations for human-written and model-generated LFQA answers.
• ANAH-v2: Scaling Analytical Hallucination Annotation of Large Language Models
  5 Jul 2024 1 repository listed Syntology ran 1 of 4 samples · 3 unverified
  Such an annotator can not only evaluate the hallucination levels of various LLMs on the large-scale dataset but also help to mitigate the hallucination of LLMs generations, with the Natural Language Inference (NLI)…
• CaLMQA: Exploring culturally specific long-form question answering across 23 languages
  25 Jun 2024 1 repository listed
  To bridge this gap, we introduce CaLMQA, a collection of 1.
• OLAPH: Improving Factuality in Biomedical Long-form Question Answering
  21 May 2024 1 repository listed
  We also propose OLAPH, a simple and novel framework that utilizes cost-effective and multifaceted automatic evaluation to construct a synthetic preference set and answers questions in our preferred manner.
• CLAPNQ: Cohesive Long-form Answers from Passages in Natural Questions for RAG systems
  2 Apr 2024 1 repository listed
  We present ClapNQ, a benchmark Long-form Question Answering dataset for the full RAG pipeline.
• Attribute First, then Generate: Locally-attributable Grounded Text Generation
  25 Mar 2024 1 repository listed Syntology ran 1 of 1 samples · 0 unverified
  Recent efforts to address hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) have focused on attributed text generation, which supplements generated texts with citations of supporting sources for post-generation…
• ALaRM: Align Language Models via Hierarchical Rewards Modeling
  11 Mar 2024 1 repository listed Syntology ran 7 of 14 samples · 7 unverified
  We introduce ALaRM, the first framework modeling hierarchical rewards in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), which is designed to enhance the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human…
• KG-Rank: Enhancing Large Language Models for Medical QA with Knowledge Graphs and Ranking Techniques
  9 Mar 2024 1 repository listed Syntology ran 3 of 5 samples · 2 unverified · 5 pointer-only (licence)
  In this work, we develop an augmented LLM framework, KG-Rank, which leverages a medical knowledge graph (KG) along with ranking and re-ranking techniques, to improve the factuality of long-form question answering (QA)…
• Reinforcement Replaces Supervision: Query focused Summarization using Deep Reinforcement Learning
  29 Nov 2023 1 repository listed
  Query-focused Summarization (QfS) deals with systems that generate summaries from document(s) based on a query.
• Fine-Grained Human Feedback Gives Better Rewards for Language Model Training
  2 Jun 2023 1 repository listed Syntology ran 1 of 2 samples · 1 unverified
  We introduce Fine-Grained RLHF, a framework that enables training and learning from reward functions that are fine-grained in two respects: (1) density, providing a reward after every segment (e.
• Concise Answers to Complex Questions: Summarization of Long-form Answers
  30 May 2023 1 repository listed Syntology ran 2 of 5 samples · 3 unverified · 5 pointer-only (licence)
  Long-form question answering systems provide rich information by presenting paragraph-level answers, often containing optional background or auxiliary information.
• A Critical Evaluation of Evaluations for Long-form Question Answering
  29 May 2023 1 repository listed
  We present a careful analysis of experts' evaluation, which focuses on new aspects such as the comprehensiveness of the answer.
• Revisiting Sentence Union Generation as a Testbed for Text Consolidation
  24 May 2023 1 repository listed
  In this paper, we suggest revisiting the sentence union generation task as an effective well-defined testbed for assessing text consolidation capabilities, decoupling the consolidation challenge from subjective content…
• WebCPM: Interactive Web Search for Chinese Long-form Question Answering
  11 May 2023 1 repository listed Syntology ran 1 of 4 samples · 3 unverified
  We recruit annotators to search for relevant information using our interface and then answer questions.
• Search-in-the-Chain: Interactively Enhancing Large Language Models with Search for Knowledge-intensive Tasks
  28 Apr 2023 1 repository listed
  This paper proposes a novel framework named \textbf{Search-in-the-Chain} (SearChain) for the interaction between LLM and IR to solve the challenges.
• D2S: Document-to-Slide Generation Via Query-Based Text Summarization
  8 May 2021 1 repository listed
  Presentations are critical for communication in all areas of our lives, yet the creation of slide decks is often tedious and time-consuming.

Syntology lines on 8 of the papers shown; no Syntology record for the others (a paper without an arXiv id cannot be joined to the graph, and absence from the graph layer is not a recorded non-run). “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized fixture, not that the paper's result was reproduced. Read from the graph 2026-09-24.