Papers › Three things everyone should know about Vision Transformers

Three things everyone should know about Vision Transformers

18 Mar 2022arXiv:2203.09795archive 2025-07-28

Hugo Touvron, Matthieu Cord, Alaaeldin El-Nouby, Jakob Verbeek, Hervé Jégou

After their initial success in natural language processing, transformer architectures have rapidly gained traction in computer vision, providing state-of-the-art results for tasks such as image classification, detection, segmentation, and video analysis. We offer three insights based on simple and easy to implement variants of vision transformers. (1) The residual layers of vision transformers, which are usually processed sequentially, can to some extent be processed efficiently in parallel without noticeably affecting the accuracy. (2) Fine-tuning the weights of the attention layers is sufficient to adapt vision transformers to a higher resolution and to other classification tasks. This saves compute, reduces the peak memory consumption at fine-tuning time, and allows sharing the majority of weights across tasks. (3) Adding MLP-based patch pre-processing layers improves Bert-like self-supervised training based on patch masking. We evaluate the impact of these design choices using the ImageNet-1k dataset, and confirm our findings on the ImageNet-v2 test set. Transfer performance is measured across six smaller datasets.

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facebookresearch/deit officialpytorch report
conceptofmind/Parallel-ViT-flax mentioned on GitHubjaxMIT report
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Tasks

Fine-Grained Image ClassificationImage Classificationimage-classification

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Fine-Grained Image Classification Stanford Cars ViT-L (attn finetune) Accuracy 93.8% #62 of 83 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification CIFAR-10 ViT-B (attn fine-tune) Percentage correct 99.3 #10 of 265 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification CIFAR-100 ViT-L (attn fine-tune) Percentage correct 93.0 #11 of 211 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification Flowers-102 ViT-B (attn finetune) Accuracy 98.5 #24 of 52 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-L@384 (attn finetune) Top 1 Accuracy 85.5% #218 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-B@384 (attn finetune) Top 1 Accuracy 84.3% #324 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-B-36x1 Top 1 Accuracy 84.1% #347 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-B-18x2 Top 1 Accuracy 84.1% #348 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-B (hMLP + BeiT) Top 1 Accuracy 83.4% #425 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-S-24x2 Top 1 Accuracy 82.6% #520 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet ViT-S-48x1 Top 1 Accuracy 82.3% #549 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet V2 ViT-B-36x1 Top 1 Accuracy 73.9 #19 of 33 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification iNaturalist 2018 ViT-L (attn finetune) Top-1 Accuracy 75.3% #27 of 60 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

FixResLayerScale

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