Datasets › Clotho

Clotho

Introduced by Konstantinos Drossos et al. in Clotho: An Audio Captioning Dataset1 Jan 2019 archive 2025-07-28

Clotho is an audio captioning dataset, consisting of 4981 audio samples, and each audio sample has five captions (a total of 24 905 captions). Audio samples are of 15 to 30 s duration and captions are eight to 20 words long.

Source: https://zenodo.org/record/3490684 Image Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09387

Benchmarks archive 2025-07-28

All 3 leaderboards whose dataset resolves to this page shown (sort by any header). "First row" is the archive's own first row at snapshot, in the archive's row order; nothing here re-ranks and metric direction is not asserted.

First row (archive order)PaperCode
Text to Audio Retrieval Clotho PaSST-RoBERTa & Estimated Audio–Caption Correspondences R@1 27.69 Estimated Audio-Caption Correspondences Improve... optimusprimus/salsa 12 Compare
Audio captioning Clotho SLAM-AAC SPIDEr 0.332 SLAM-AAC: Enhancing Audio Captioning with Paraphrasing... X-LANCE/SLAM-LLM 11 Compare
Zero-shot Audio Captioning Clotho ZerAuCap METEOR 9.4 Zero-shot audio captioning with audio-language model... explainableml/zeraucap 1 Compare

Papers archive 2025-07-28

18 shown of 18 papers with a leaderboard row on this dataset's benchmarks, newest first. The archive's own "papers using this dataset" list was never published, so this is the benchmark-backed subset; the archive's count for this dataset is 202. The Syntology column is from Syntology's graph (read 2026-09-24), stated per sample; it is not part of any archive number.

DateSamples run Syntology
Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Audio Captioning with Generation-Assisted Multimodal Querying and Progressive Learning 0 1 14 Oct 2024 not harvested
SLAM-AAC: Enhancing Audio Captioning with Paraphrasing Augmentation and CLAP-Refine through LLMs 1 1 12 Oct 2024 not harvested
Estimated Audio-Caption Correspondences Improve Language-Based Audio Retrieval 1 1 21 Aug 2024 not harvested
Enhancing Automated Audio Captioning via Large Language Models with Optimized Audio Encoding 1 1 19 Jun 2024 ran 5 of 8 samples (3 unverified)
InternVideo2: Scaling Foundation Models for Multimodal Video Understanding 2 1 22 Mar 2024 not harvested
Audio Flamingo: A Novel Audio Language Model with Few-Shot Learning and Dialogue Abilities 1 1 2 Feb 2024 ran 3 of 3 samples (0 unverified; 3 pointer-only for licence)
Zero-shot audio captioning with audio-language model guidance and audio context keywords 1 1 14 Nov 2023 ran 13 of 17 samples (4 unverified; 17 pointer-only for licence)
Qwen-Audio: Advancing Universal Audio Understanding via Unified Large-Scale Audio-Language Models 2 1 14 Nov 2023 ran 5 of 7 samples (2 unverified; 7 pointer-only for licence)
Advancing Natural-Language Based Audio Retrieval with PaSST and Large Audio-Caption Data Sets 1 1 8 Aug 2023 not harvested
VAST: A Vision-Audio-Subtitle-Text Omni-Modality Foundation Model and Dataset 2 2 29 May 2023 ran 15 of 42 samples (27 unverified)
ONE-PEACE: Exploring One General Representation Model Toward Unlimited Modalities 2 1 18 May 2023 ran 2 of 7 samples (5 unverified)
VALOR: Vision-Audio-Language Omni-Perception Pretraining Model and Dataset 1 2 17 Apr 2023 not harvested
Audio Retrieval with Natural Language Queries: A Benchmark Study 1 2 17 Dec 2021 not harvested
THE SJTU SYSTEM FOR DCASE2021 CHALLENGE TASK 6: AUDIO CAPTIONING BASED ON ENCODER PRE-TRAINING AND REINFORCEMENT LEARNING 1 1 6 Jul 2021 not harvested
THE DCASE 2021 CHALLENGE TASK 6 SYSTEM: AUTOMATED AUDIO CAPTIONING WITH WEAKLY SUPERVISED PRE-TRAING AND WORD SELECTION METHODS 0 1 6 Jul 2021 not harvested
Audio Retrieval with Natural Language Queries 1 4 5 May 2021 ran 0 of 4 samples (4 unverified)
The NTT DCASE2020 Challenge Task 6 system: Automated Audio Captioning with Keywords and Sentence Length Estimation 0 1 1 Jul 2020 not harvested
Audio Captioning using Gated Recurrent Units 0 1 5 Jun 2020 not harvested

Dataset loaders archive 2025-07-28

1 loader as listed in the archive; links are outbound and not re-checked here.

Tasks archive 2025-07-28

License archive 2025-07-28

Other (Attribution)

Modalities archive 2025-07-28

Languages archive 2025-07-28

Variants archive 2025-07-28

  • Clotho

1 variant name, as the archive lists them.

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