Slot Filling

Description from the archive archive 2025-07-28.

Benchmarks archive 2025-07-28

14 leaderboard tables shown for this task, 14 with rows (a “benchmark” on this site is a table with at least one row, as on /sota), ordered by row count. “Best model” is the first row in the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing is re-ranked here and metric direction is not recorded in the archive. PwC's Trend sparklines are not in the archive, so that column is omitted. 10 shown of 14 until expanded.

Syntology column: samples harvested from the paper's repositories and executed on synthesized fixtures; “ran” is not a correctness claim and does not order the table. A dash means no Syntology record for that paper, not a recorded non-run. Read from the graph 2026-09-24.

Libraries

Not in the archive: the export carries no per-task library table, so there is nothing to show at snapshot 2025-07-28.

Datasets archive 2025-07-28

27 datasets whose archive record lists this task, ordered by the archive's paper count.

Subtasks archive 2025-07-28

2 subtasks in the archive's task tree.

Most implemented papers archive 2025-07-28

30 shown of 140 papers with code (458 tagged with this task in all), ordered by repositories listed in the archive, not by stars (the archive holds no stars, so PwC's “Social” and “Latest” sorts cannot be reproduced). Papers without a page here are shown as plain text.

• BERT for Joint Intent Classification and Slot Filling
  28 Feb 2019 16 repositories listed Syntology ran 9 of 32 samples · 23 unverified · 3 pointer-only (licence)
  Intent classification and slot filling are two essential tasks for natural language understanding.
• MASSIVE: A 1M-Example Multilingual Natural Language Understanding Dataset with 51 Typologically-Diverse Languages
  18 Apr 2022 6 repositories listed Syntology ran 1 of 10 samples · 9 unverified · 1 pointer-only (licence)
  We present the MASSIVE dataset--Multilingual Amazon Slu resource package (SLURP) for Slot-filling, Intent classification, and Virtual assistant Evaluation.
• Attention-Based Recurrent Neural Network Models for Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling
  6 Sep 2016 6 repositories listed Syntology ran 2 of 5 samples · 3 unverified · 2 pointer-only (licence)
  Attention-based encoder-decoder neural network models have recently shown promising results in machine translation and speech recognition.
• Learning End-to-End Goal-Oriented Dialog
  24 May 2016 6 repositories listed Syntology ran 0 of 8 samples · 8 unverified
  We show similar result patterns on data extracted from an online concierge service.
• Efficient Sequence Transduction by Jointly Predicting Tokens and Durations
  13 Apr 2023 4 repositories listed Syntology ran 1 of 2 samples · 1 unverified
  TDT models for Speech Recognition achieve better accuracy and up to 2.
• Learning Dense Representations of Phrases at Scale
  23 Dec 2020 4 repositories listed
  Open-domain question answering can be reformulated as a phrase retrieval problem, without the need for processing documents on-demand during inference (Seo et al., 2019).
• Towards Scalable Multi-domain Conversational Agents: The Schema-Guided Dialogue Dataset
  12 Sep 2019 4 repositories listed
  In this work, we introduce the the Schema-Guided Dialogue (SGD) dataset, containing over 16k multi-domain conversations spanning 16 domains.
• Data Programming: Creating Large Training Sets, Quickly
  25 May 2016 4 repositories listed Syntology ran 0 of 8 samples · 8 unverified
  Additionally, in initial user studies we observed that data programming may be an easier way for non-experts to create machine learning models when training data is limited or unavailable.
• KILT: a Benchmark for Knowledge Intensive Language Tasks
  4 Sep 2020 3 repositories listed Syntology ran 1 of 1 samples · 0 unverified · 1 pointer-only (licence)
  We test both task-specific and general baselines, evaluating downstream performance in addition to the ability of the models to provide provenance.
• Joint Slot Filling and Intent Detection via Capsule Neural Networks
  22 Dec 2018 3 repositories listed
  Being able to recognize words as slots and detect the intent of an utterance has been a keen issue in natural language understanding.
• A Persian Benchmark for Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling
  1 Mar 2023 2 repositories listed
  To evaluate the effectiveness of our benchmark, we employ state-of-the-art methods for intent detection and slot filling.
• Finstreder: Simple and fast Spoken Language Understanding with Finite State Transducers using modern Speech-to-Text models
  29 Jun 2022 2 repositories listed
  In Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) the task is to extract important information from audio commands, like the intent of what a user wants the system to do and special entities like locations or numbers.
• Call Larisa Ivanovna: Code-Switching Fools Multilingual NLU Models
  29 Sep 2021 2 repositories listed
  This is in line with the common understanding of how multilingual models conduct transferring between languages
• Slot Filling for Biomedical Information Extraction
  17 Sep 2021 2 repositories listed
  In this work we present a slot filling approach to the task of biomedical IE, effectively replacing the need for entity and relation-specific training data, allowing us to deal with zero-shot settings.
• Robust Retrieval Augmented Generation for Zero-shot Slot Filling
  31 Aug 2021 2 repositories listed Syntology ran 1 of 8 samples · 7 unverified
  Automatically inducing high quality knowledge graphs from a given collection of documents still remains a challenging problem in AI.
• From Masked Language Modeling to Translation: Non-English Auxiliary Tasks Improve Zero-shot Spoken Language Understanding
  15 May 2021 2 repositories listed
  To tackle the challenge, we propose a joint learning approach, with English SLU training data and non-English auxiliary tasks from raw text, syntax and translation for transfer.
• Zero-shot Slot Filling with DPR and RAG
  17 Apr 2021 2 repositories listed
  Recently, there has been a promising direction in evaluating language models in the same way we would evaluate knowledge bases, and the task of slot filling is the most suitable to this intent.
• Extracting a Knowledge Base of COVID-19 Events from Social Media
  3 Jun 2020 2 repositories listed
  In this paper, we present a manually annotated corpus of 10, 000 tweets containing public reports of five COVID-19 events, including positive and negative tests, deaths, denied access to testing, claimed cures and…
• CM-Net: A Novel Collaborative Memory Network for Spoken Language Understanding
  16 Sep 2019 2 repositories listed
  Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) mainly involves two tasks, intent detection and slot filling, which are generally modeled jointly in existing works.
• A Stack-Propagation Framework with Token-Level Intent Detection for Spoken Language Understanding
  5 Sep 2019 2 repositories listed
  In our framework, we adopt a joint model with Stack-Propagation which can directly use the intent information as input for slot filling, thus to capture the intent semantic knowledge.
• DELTA: A DEep learning based Language Technology plAtform
  2 Aug 2019 2 repositories listed
  In this paper we present DELTA, a deep learning based language technology platform.
• A Novel Bi-directional Interrelated Model for Joint Intent Detection and Slot Filling
  30 Jun 2019 2 repositories listed
  The joint model for the two tasks is becoming a tendency in SLU.
• Slot-Gated Modeling for Joint Slot Filling and Intent Prediction
  1 Jun 2018 2 repositories listed
  Attention-based recurrent neural network models for joint intent detection and slot filling have achieved the state-of-the-art performance, while they have independent attention weights.
• Position-aware Attention and Supervised Data Improve Slot Filling
  1 Sep 2017 2 repositories listed
  The combination of better supervised data and a more appropriate high-capacity model enables much better relation extraction performance.
• Zero-Shot Relation Extraction via Reading Comprehension
  13 Jun 2017 2 repositories listed
  We show that relation extraction can be reduced to answering simple reading comprehension questions, by associating one or more natural-language questions with each relation slot.
• A Knowledge-Grounded Neural Conversation Model
  7 Feb 2017 2 repositories listed
  We generalize the widely-used Seq2Seq approach by conditioning responses on both conversation history and external "facts", allowing the model to be versatile and applicable in an open-domain setting.
• Middle-Layer Representation Alignment for Cross-Lingual Transfer in Fine-Tuned LLMs
  20 Feb 2025 1 repository listed Syntology ran 2 of 2 samples · 0 unverified · 2 pointer-only (licence)
  While large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities at task-specific applications through fine-tuning, extending these benefits across diverse languages is essential for broad accessibility.
• Improving Dialectal Slot and Intent Detection with Auxiliary Tasks: A Multi-Dialectal Bavarian Case Study
  7 Jan 2025 1 repository listed
  Reliable slot and intent detection (SID) is crucial in natural language understanding for applications like digital assistants.
• MIDAS: Multi-level Intent, Domain, And Slot Knowledge Distillation for Multi-turn NLU
  15 Aug 2024 1 repository listed
  This paper introduces a novel approach, MIDAS, leveraging a multi-level intent, domain, and slot knowledge distillation for multi-turn NLU.
• Speech-MASSIVE: A Multilingual Speech Dataset for SLU and Beyond
  7 Aug 2024 1 repository listed
  We present Speech-MASSIVE, a multilingual Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) dataset comprising the speech counterpart for a portion of the MASSIVE textual corpus.

Syntology lines on 9 of the papers shown; no Syntology record for the others (a paper without an arXiv id cannot be joined to the graph, and absence from the graph layer is not a recorded non-run). “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized fixture, not that the paper's result was reproduced. Read from the graph 2026-09-24.