Papers › Global Filter Networks for Image Classification

Global Filter Networks for Image Classification

1 Jul 2021NeurIPS 2021 12arXiv:2107.00645archive 2025-07-28

Yongming Rao, Wenliang Zhao, Zheng Zhu, Jiwen Lu, Jie zhou

Recent advances in self-attention and pure multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) models for vision have shown great potential in achieving promising performance with fewer inductive biases. These models are generally based on learning interaction among spatial locations from raw data. The complexity of self-attention and MLP grows quadratically as the image size increases, which makes these models hard to scale up when high-resolution features are required. In this paper, we present the Global Filter Network (GFNet), a conceptually simple yet computationally efficient architecture, that learns long-term spatial dependencies in the frequency domain with log-linear complexity. Our architecture replaces the self-attention layer in vision transformers with three key operations: a 2D discrete Fourier transform, an element-wise multiplication between frequency-domain features and learnable global filters, and a 2D inverse Fourier transform. We exhibit favorable accuracy/complexity trade-offs of our models on both ImageNet and downstream tasks. Our results demonstrate that GFNet can be a very competitive alternative to transformer-style models and CNNs in efficiency, generalization ability and robustness. Code is available at https://github.com/raoyongming/GFNet

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Block raoyongming/GFNet/gfnet.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · dff7a9ab8c3f50a9 · report
GFNet raoyongming/GFNet/gfnet.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · 81d69a569925b1bd · report
GlobalFilter raoyongming/GFNet/gfnet.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · 71e71e6d0819c701 · report
checkpoint_filter_fn raoyongming/GFNet/gfnet.py official repository ran · our draft was wrong MIT (permissive) · 32f151ed58e2d272 · report
resize_pos_embed raoyongming/GFNet/gfnet.py official repository ran · our draft was wrong MIT (permissive) · 0b1994de5d8cd41f · report
FFN dslisleedh/MLP_based_models-tensorflow2/gfnet.py community (archive-listed) ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 51372e4eff26857f · report
Droppath dslisleedh/MLP_based_models-tensorflow2/gfnet.py community (archive-listed) unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 61598b6c0f788e3c · report
GFBlock dslisleedh/MLP_based_models-tensorflow2/gfnet.py community (archive-listed) unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 92b83ac006fb234c · report
GFNet dslisleedh/MLP_based_models-tensorflow2/gfnet.py community (archive-listed) unverified no licence file found · pointer only · c28756e840db40ee · report
GlobalFilterLayer dslisleedh/MLP_based_models-tensorflow2/gfnet.py community (archive-listed) unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 84d40e6af39d20fc · report

Tasks

ClassificationDomain GeneralizationImage Classificationimage-classification

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Domain Generalization ImageNet-A GFNet-S Top-1 accuracy % 14.3 #31 of 39 Archive leaderboard report
Domain Generalization ImageNet-C GFNet-S mean Corruption Error (mCE) 53.8 #30 of 47 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification CIFAR-10 GFNet-H-B Percentage correct 99.0 #25 of 265 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification CIFAR-100 GFNet-H-B PARAMS 54M #23 of 211 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification CIFAR-100 GFNet-H-B Percentage correct 90.3 #23 of 211 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification Flowers-102 GFNet-H-B Accuracy 98.8 #20 of 52 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification Flowers-102 GFNet-H-B PARAMS 54M #20 of 52 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet GFNet-H-B GFLOPs 8.6 #488 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet GFNet-H-B Number of params 54M #488 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ImageNet GFNet-H-B Top 1 Accuracy 82.9% #488 of 1060 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification Stanford Cars GFNet-H-B Accuracy 93.2 #11 of 24 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

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