Papers › LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking...

LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Clouds

19 Aug 2023arXiv:2308.09908archive 2025-07-28

Zhenrong Zhang, Jianan Liu, Yuxuan Xia, Tao Huang, Qing-Long Han, Hongbin Liu

Online multi-object tracking (MOT) plays a pivotal role in autonomous systems. The state-of-the-art approaches usually employ a tracking-by-detection method, and data association plays a critical role. This paper proposes a learning and graph-optimized (LEGO) modular tracker to improve data association performance in the existing literature. The proposed LEGO tracker integrates graph optimization and self-attention mechanisms, which efficiently formulate the association score map, facilitating the accurate and efficient matching of objects across time frames. To further enhance the state update process, the Kalman filter is added to ensure consistent tracking by incorporating temporal coherence in the object states. Our proposed method utilizing LiDAR alone has shown exceptional performance compared to other online tracking approaches, including LiDAR-based and LiDAR-camera fusion-based methods. LEGO ranked 1st at the time of submitting results to KITTI object tracking evaluation ranking board and remains 2nd at the time of submitting this paper, among all online trackers in the KITTI MOT benchmark for cars1

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Tasks

Multi-Object TrackingMultiple Object TrackingObjectObject TrackingOnline Multi-Object Tracking

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Multiple Object Tracking KITTI Test (Online Methods) LEGO HOTA 80.75 #6 of 34 Archive leaderboard report
Multiple Object Tracking KITTI Test (Online Methods) LEGO IDSW 214 #6 of 34 Archive leaderboard report
Multiple Object Tracking KITTI Test (Online Methods) LEGO MOTA 90.61 #6 of 34 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

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