Papers › Lazy-k: Decoding for Constrained Token Classification

Lazy-k: Decoding for Constrained Token Classification

6 Dec 2023arXiv:2312.03367archive 2025-07-28

Arthur Hemmer, Mickaël Coustaty, Nicola Bartolo, Jérôme Brachat, Jean-Marc Ogier

We explore the possibility of improving probabilistic models in structured prediction. Specifically, we combine the models with constrained decoding approaches in the context of token classification for information extraction. The decoding methods search for constraint-satisfying label-assignments while maximizing the total probability. To do this, we evaluate several existing approaches, as well as propose a novel decoding method called Lazy-k. Our findings demonstrate that constrained decoding approaches can significantly improve the models' performances, especially when using smaller models. The Lazy-k approach allows for more flexibility between decoding time and accuracy. The code for using Lazy-k decoding can be found here: https://github.com/ArthurDevNL/lazyk.

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ClassificationStructured PredictionToken Classificationtoken-classification

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