Papers › A General Knowledge Injection Framework for ICD Coding
A General Knowledge Injection Framework for ICD Coding
Xu Zhang, Kun Zhang, Wenxin Ma, Rongsheng Wang, Chenxu Wu, Yingtai Li, S. Kevin Zhou
ICD Coding aims to assign a wide range of medical codes to a medical text document, which is a popular and challenging task in the healthcare domain. To alleviate the problems of long-tail distribution and the lack of annotations of code-specific evidence, many previous works have proposed incorporating code knowledge to improve coding performance. However, existing methods often focus on a single type of knowledge and design specialized modules that are complex and incompatible with each other, thereby limiting their scalability and effectiveness. To address this issue, we propose GKI-ICD, a novel, general knowledge injection framework that integrates three key types of knowledge, namely ICD Description, ICD Synonym, and ICD Hierarchy, without specialized design of additional modules. The comprehensive utilization of the above knowledge, which exhibits both differences and complementarity, can effectively enhance the ICD coding performance. Extensive experiments on existing popular ICD coding benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of GKI-ICD, which achieves the state-of-the-art performance on most evaluation metrics. Code is available at https://github.com/xuzhang0112/GKI-ICD.
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Code
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | Macro-AUC | 96.2 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | Macro-F1 | 12.3 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | Micro-AUC | 99.3 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | Micro-F1 | 61.2 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | Precision@15 | 62.4 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | Precision@8 | 77.7 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Medical Code Prediction | MIMIC-III | GKI-ICD | mAP | 66.1 | #1 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
Methods
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