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Weakly Supervised Object Detection in Chest X-Rays with Differentiable ROI Proposal Networks and Soft ROI Pooling

19 Feb 2024arXiv:2402.11985archive 2025-07-28

Philip Müller, Felix Meissen, Georgios Kaissis, Daniel Rueckert

Weakly supervised object detection (WSup-OD) increases the usefulness and interpretability of image classification algorithms without requiring additional supervision. The successes of multiple instance learning in this task for natural images, however, do not translate well to medical images due to the very different characteristics of their objects (i.e. pathologies). In this work, we propose Weakly Supervised ROI Proposal Networks (WSRPN), a new method for generating bounding box proposals on the fly using a specialized region of interest-attention (ROI-attention) module. WSRPN integrates well with classic backbone-head classification algorithms and is end-to-end trainable with only image-label supervision. We experimentally demonstrate that our new method outperforms existing methods in the challenging task of disease localization in chest X-ray images. Code: https://github.com/philip-mueller/wsrpn

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Image ClassificationMultiple Instance LearningObject DetectionWeakly Supervised Object Detectionimage-classificationobject-detection

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