Papers › Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Data

Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Data

11 Jun 2020NeurIPS 2020 12arXiv:2006.06676archive 2025-07-28

Tero Karras, Miika Aittala, Janne Hellsten, Samuli Laine, Jaakko Lehtinen, Timo Aila

Training generative adversarial networks (GAN) using too little data typically leads to discriminator overfitting, causing training to diverge. We propose an adaptive discriminator augmentation mechanism that significantly stabilizes training in limited data regimes. The approach does not require changes to loss functions or network architectures, and is applicable both when training from scratch and when fine-tuning an existing GAN on another dataset. We demonstrate, on several datasets, that good results are now possible using only a few thousand training images, often matching StyleGAN2 results with an order of magnitude fewer images. We expect this to open up new application domains for GANs. We also find that the widely used CIFAR-10 is, in fact, a limited data benchmark, and improve the record FID from 5.59 to 2.42.

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Code

Syntology Ran 5 of 29 code samples harvested from 5 repositories linked to this paper; 24 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 2 ran · honoured contract; 1 ran · violated contract; 1 ran · fixture could not drive it; 1 ran with no contract checked.

By repository: community (archive-listed): 28 samples from 5 repositories, 4 ran; 1 identical to code first harvested elsewhere. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

28 repositories listed; official and paper-mentioned ones first.

NVlabs/stylegan2-ada officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
BearNinja123/StyleGAN_ADAnough mentioned on GitHubtf report
Eitan177/testGenImages mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
NVlabs/stylegan2-ada-pytorch mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
NariMo91/GANs-generative-art mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
aiksir/stylegan2-ada-blending mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
beresandras/gan-flavours-keras mentioned on GitHubtfMIT report
buganart/stylegan2-ada-pytorch mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
datduong/stylegan2-ada-Ws-22q mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
duskvirkus/stylegan2-ada-lightning mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
eps696/stylegan2ada mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
esimpsontheartist/stylegan2-FineArt mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
fai07600521/final-project mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
jiangshuyi0v0/cvd-gan mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
lelechen63/stylegannerf mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
mahmoudnafifi/HistoGAN mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
matjazmav/fri-2021-ibb-seminar mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
pbaylies/stylegan2 mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
sangyun884/Face2Webtoon mentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report
sh4174/3d-stylegan2-ada mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
usufyan29/stylegan2_runway mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
vsemecky/stylegan2-ada mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
wangamelia/cmpm202p2p2 mentioned on GitHubtf report
wjdals3406/stylegan2-ada-encoder mentioned on GitHubtfNOASSERTION report
woctezuma/steam-stylegan2-ada mentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

29 samples harvested; 5 ran; 2 honoured the contract we drafted; 24 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

2ran · honoured contract
1ran · violated contract
1ran · fixture could not drive it
1ran
24unverified

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create_image_grid wangamelia/cmpm202p2p2/generate.py community (archive-listed) ran · fixture could not drive it licence not identified · pointer only · d2790eb5fa6571da · report
find_classes sangyun884/Face2Webtoon/dataset.py community (archive-listed) ran MIT (permissive) · 52d10a10fb72fb9f · report
num_range NVlabs/stylegan2-ada-pytorch/style_mixing.py community (archive-listed) ran · honoured contract licence not identified · pointer only · 5c53150c611eaf49 · report
valmap wangamelia/cmpm202p2p2/generate.py community (archive-listed) ran · violated contract licence not identified · pointer only · c5e25d2754ccb9a0 · report
calculate_activation_statistics sangyun884/Face2Webtoon/gan_metrics_pytorch/fid_score.py community (archive-listed) unverified MIT (permissive) · fa02bf7e7932504d · report
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extract_lenet_features sangyun884/Face2Webtoon/gan_metrics_pytorch/kid_score.py community (archive-listed) unverified MIT (permissive) · ad1334727ae62246 · report
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has_file_allowed_extension sangyun884/Face2Webtoon/dataset.py community (archive-listed) unverified MIT (permissive) · e800290c5ea55efd · report
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make_dataset sangyun884/Face2Webtoon/dataset.py community (archive-listed) unverified MIT (permissive) · 273d5df61b8a0cd5 · report
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step beresandras/gan-flavours-keras/utils.py community (archive-listed) unverified MIT (permissive) · e4aa47838d197a6b · report
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num_range identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · honoured contract licence of this copy not recorded · 6f6beb9107cb48e8 · report

Tasks

10-shot image generationConditional Image GenerationImage Generation

Datasets

Introduced by this paper, per the archive.

MetFaces

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
10-shot image generation Babies TGAN + ADA FID 97.91 #6 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Conditional Image Generation ArtBench-10 (32x32) StyleGAN2 + ADA FID 2.625 #1 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Conditional Image Generation CIFAR-10 StyleGAN2-ADA FID 2.42 #4 of 25 Archive leaderboard report
Conditional Image Generation CIFAR-10 StyleGAN2-ADA Inception score 10.14 #4 of 25 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Cat StyleGAN2-ADA FID 3.55 #2 of 8 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Cat StyleGAN2-ADA clean-FID 3.28 ± .02 #2 of 8 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Cat StyleGAN2-ADA clean-KID 0.71 ± .02 #2 of 8 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Dog StyleGAN2-ADA FID 7.41 #4 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Dog StyleGAN2-ADA clean-FID 7.61 ± .02 #4 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Dog StyleGAN2-ADA clean-KID 1.28 ± .02 #4 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Wild StyleGAN2-ADA FID 3.05 #2 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Wild StyleGAN2-ADA clean-FID 3.00 ± .01 #2 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation AFHQ Wild StyleGAN2-ADA clean-KID 0.44 ± .01 #2 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation FFHQ 1024 x 1024 StyleGAN2 ADA+bCR FID 3.62 #10 of 20 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation FFHQ 256 x 256 StyleGAN2 + ADA FID 3.62 #20 of 51 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation FFHQ 256 x 256 StyleGAN2 + ADA (DINOv2) FD 514.78 #48 of 51 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation FFHQ 256 x 256 StyleGAN2 + ADA (DINOv2) Precision 0.59 #48 of 51 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation FFHQ 256 x 256 StyleGAN2 + ADA (DINOv2) Recall 0.06 #48 of 51 Archive leaderboard report
Image Generation Pokemon 256x256 StyleGAN2-ADA FID 40.38 #3 of 4 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

Introduced by this paper: ADA

1x1 ConvolutionADAAdamBatch NormalizationBigGANConditional Batch NormalizationConvolutionDense ConnectionsEarly StoppingFeedforward NetworkGAN Hinge LossLinear LayerNon-Local BlockNon-Local OperationOff-Diagonal Orthogonal RegularizationPath Length RegularizationProjection DiscriminatorR1 RegularizationRandAugmentReLUResidual BlockResidual ConnectionSAGANSoftmaxSpectral NormalizationStyleGAN2Truncation TrickWeight Demodulation

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