Papers › The Moral Machine Experiment on Large Language Models

The Moral Machine Experiment on Large Language Models

12 Sep 2023arXiv:2309.05958archive 2025-07-28

Kazuhiro Takemoto

As large language models (LLMs) become more deeply integrated into various sectors, understanding how they make moral judgments has become crucial, particularly in the realm of autonomous driving. This study utilized the Moral Machine framework to investigate the ethical decision-making tendencies of prominent LLMs, including GPT-3.5, GPT-4, PaLM 2, and Llama 2, comparing their responses to human preferences. While LLMs' and humans' preferences such as prioritizing humans over pets and favoring saving more lives are broadly aligned, PaLM 2 and Llama 2, especially, evidence distinct deviations. Additionally, despite the qualitative similarities between the LLM and human preferences, there are significant quantitative disparities, suggesting that LLMs might lean toward more uncompromising decisions, compared to the milder inclinations of humans. These insights elucidate the ethical frameworks of LLMs and their potential implications for autonomous driving.

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Autonomous DrivingDecision Making

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Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionAttention DropoutBPECosine AnnealingDense ConnectionsDropoutGPT-3GPT-4Label SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerLinear Warmup With Cosine AnnealingMulti-Head AttentionPaLMPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerResidual ConnectionSoftmaxTransformerWeight Decay

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