Papers › Deeper-GXX: Deepening Arbitrary GNNs

Deeper-GXX: Deepening Arbitrary GNNs

26 Oct 2021arXiv:2110.13798archive 2025-07-28

Lecheng Zheng, Dongqi Fu, Ross Maciejewski, Jingrui He

Recently, motivated by real applications, a major research direction in graph neural networks (GNNs) is to explore deeper structures. For instance, the graph connectivity is not always consistent with the label distribution (e.g., the closest neighbors of some nodes are not from the same category). In this case, GNNs need to stack more layers, in order to find the same categorical neighbors in a longer path for capturing the class-discriminative information. However, two major problems hinder the deeper GNNs to obtain satisfactory performance, i.e., vanishing gradient and over-smoothing. On one hand, stacking layers makes the neural network hard to train as the gradients of the first few layers vanish. Moreover, when simply addressing vanishing gradient in GNNs, we discover the shading neighbors effect (i.e., stacking layers inappropriately distorts the non-IID information of graphs and degrade the performance of GNNs). On the other hand, deeper GNNs aggregate much more information from common neighbors such that individual node representations share more overlapping features, which makes the final output representations not discriminative (i.e., overly smoothed). In this paper, for the first time, we address both problems to enable deeper GNNs, and propose Deeper-GXX, which consists of the Weight-Decaying Graph Residual Connection module (WDG-ResNet) and Topology-Guided Graph Contrastive Loss (TGCL). Extensive experiments on real-world data sets demonstrate that Deeper-GXX outperforms state-of-the-art deeper baselines.

PaperPDFConference PDF

In Syntology View this paper on Syntology: its repositories, every harvested function with whether it ran, its licence and the call to fetch it.

Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

Code

No code repository is listed for this paper in the archive or in Syntology's graph.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.

Tasks

Contrastive LearningLink PredictionNode ClassificationRepresentation Learning

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Node Classification Citeseer TGCL+ResNet Accuracy 61.25±1.29 #66 of 71 Archive leaderboard report
Node Classification Cora TGCL+ResNet Accuracy 76.99±1.13% #69 of 73 Archive leaderboard report
Node Classification Pubmed TGCL+ResNet Accuracy 81.92±0.13 #27 of 70 Archive leaderboard report
Node Classification Reddit TGCL+ResNet Accuracy 81.06±1.18% #15 of 16 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

1x1 ConvolutionAverage PoolingBatch NormalizationBottleneck Residual BlockContrastive LearningConvolutionGlobal Average PoolingKaiming InitializationMax PoolingReLUResidual BlockResidual Connection

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections