Papers › Restormer: Efficient Transformer for High-Resolution Image Restoration

Restormer: Efficient Transformer for High-Resolution Image Restoration

18 Nov 2021CVPR 2022 1arXiv:2111.09881archive 2025-07-28

Syed Waqas Zamir, Aditya Arora, Salman Khan, Munawar Hayat, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Ming-Hsuan Yang

Since convolutional neural networks (CNNs) perform well at learning generalizable image priors from large-scale data, these models have been extensively applied to image restoration and related tasks. Recently, another class of neural architectures, Transformers, have shown significant performance gains on natural language and high-level vision tasks. While the Transformer model mitigates the shortcomings of CNNs (i.e., limited receptive field and inadaptability to input content), its computational complexity grows quadratically with the spatial resolution, therefore making it infeasible to apply to most image restoration tasks involving high-resolution images. In this work, we propose an efficient Transformer model by making several key designs in the building blocks (multi-head attention and feed-forward network) such that it can capture long-range pixel interactions, while still remaining applicable to large images. Our model, named Restoration Transformer (Restormer), achieves state-of-the-art results on several image restoration tasks, including image deraining, single-image motion deblurring, defocus deblurring (single-image and dual-pixel data), and image denoising (Gaussian grayscale/color denoising, and real image denoising). The source code and pre-trained models are available at https://github.com/swz30/Restormer.

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Code

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13 repositories listed; official and paper-mentioned ones first.

swz30/restormer officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report
GarrickZ2/Image-Denoising mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
HDCVLab/MC-Blur-Dataset mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
MKFMIKU/VIDM mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
leftthomas/restormer mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
prakashSidd18/blind_augmentation mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
stephen0808/dnlut mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
swz30/CycleISP mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
swz30/MIRNet mentioned on GitHubpytorchNOASSERTION report
swz30/MPRNet mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
swz30/mirnetv2 mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
txyugood/Restormer_Paddle mentioned on GitHubpaddle report

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Code Syntology ran Syntology

4 samples harvested; 4 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 0 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

2ran · our draft was wrong
2ran · fixture could not drive it

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init_args leftthomas/restormer/utils.py community (archive-listed) ran · our draft was wrong no licence file found · pointer only · 4ea9fc528e09fe19 · report
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Tasks

Color Image DenoisingDeblurringDenoisingGrayscale Image DenoisingImage DeblurringImage Defocus DeblurringImage DenoisingImage RestorationRain RemovalSingle Image DerainingSingle Image DesnowingSpectral ReconstructionVideo derainingVocal Bursts Intensity Prediction

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Color Image Denoising Kodak24 sigma50 Restormer PSNR 30.01 #4 of 9 Archive leaderboard report
Color Image Denoising Urban100 sigma50 Restormer PSNR 30.02 #5 of 9 Archive leaderboard report
Color Image Denoising urban100 sigma15 Restormer Average PSNR 35.13 #4 of 8 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring GoPro Restormer PSNR 32.92 #29 of 56 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring GoPro Restormer SSIM 0.961 #29 of 56 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring HIDE (trained on GOPRO) Restormer PSNR (sRGB) 31.22 #14 of 26 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring HIDE (trained on GOPRO) Restormer Params (M) 26.13 #14 of 26 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring HIDE (trained on GOPRO) Restormer SSIM (sRGB) 0.942 #14 of 26 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer local ERQAv2.0 0.73875 #10 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer local LPIPS 0.08251 #10 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer local PSNR 31.12341 #10 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer local SSIM 0.94217 #10 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer local Subjective 0.1231 #10 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer local VMAF 65.25911 #10 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer ERQAv2.0 0.74776 #11 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer LPIPS 0.08239 #11 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer PSNR 31.76111 #11 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer SSIM 0.94632 #11 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer Subjective 0.1175 #11 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring MSU BASED Restormer VMAF 66.3964 #11 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring RSBlur Restormer Average PSNR 33.69 #8 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring RealBlur-J (trained on GoPro) Restormer PSNR (sRGB) 28.96 #6 of 15 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring RealBlur-J (trained on GoPro) Restormer SSIM (sRGB) 0.879 #6 of 15 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring RealBlur-R (trained on GoPro) Restormer PSNR (sRGB) 36.19 #4 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Deblurring RealBlur-R (trained on GoPro) Restormer SSIM (sRGB) 0.957 #4 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Grayscale Image Denoising BSD68 sigma15 Restormer PSNR 31.96 #4 of 16 Archive leaderboard report
Grayscale Image Denoising Urban100 sigma15 Restormer PSNR 33.79 #1 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Grayscale Image Denoising Urban100 sigma25 Restormer PSNR 31.46 #3 of 10 Archive leaderboard report
Grayscale Image Denoising Urban100 sigma50 Restormer PSNR 28.29 #4 of 10 Archive leaderboard report
Image Deblurring GoPro Restormer PSNR 32.92 #31 of 55 Archive leaderboard report
Image Deblurring GoPro Restormer Params (M) 26.13 #31 of 55 Archive leaderboard report
Image Deblurring GoPro Restormer SSIM 0.961 #31 of 55 Archive leaderboard report
Image Denoising DND Restormer PSNR (sRGB) 40.03 #4 of 16 Archive leaderboard report
Image Denoising DND Restormer SSIM (sRGB) 0.956 #4 of 16 Archive leaderboard report
Image Denoising SIDD Restormer PSNR (sRGB) 40.02 #6 of 22 Archive leaderboard report
Image Denoising SIDD Restormer SSIM (sRGB) 0.960 #6 of 22 Archive leaderboard report
Image Restoration CDD-11 Restormer Average PSNR (dB) 26.99 #3 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Image Restoration CDD-11 Restormer SSIM 0.8646 #3 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Rain100H Restormer PSNR 31.46 #6 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Rain100H Restormer SSIM 0.904 #6 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Rain100L Restormer PSNR 38.99 #7 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Rain100L Restormer SSIM 0.978 #7 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Test100 Restormer PSNR 32.00 #1 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Test100 Restormer SSIM 0.923 #1 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Test1200 Restormer PSNR 33.19 #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Test1200 Restormer SSIM 0.926 #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Test2800 Restormer PSNR 34.18 #2 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Deraining Test2800 Restormer SSIM 0.944 #2 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Single Image Desnowing CSD Restormer Average PSNR (dB) 35.43 #3 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Spectral Reconstruction ARAD-1K Restormer MRAE 0.1833 #4 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Spectral Reconstruction ARAD-1K Restormer PSNR 33.40 #4 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Spectral Reconstruction ARAD-1K Restormer RMSE 0.0274 #4 of 11 Archive leaderboard report
Video deraining VRDS Restormer PSNR 29.59 #3 of 8 Archive leaderboard report
Video deraining VRDS Restormer SSIM 0.9206 #3 of 8 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionBPEDense ConnectionsDropoutLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMulti-Head AttentionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerResidual ConnectionSoftmaxTransformer

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