Papers › Q8BERT: Quantized 8Bit BERT

Q8BERT: Quantized 8Bit BERT

14 Oct 2019arXiv:1910.06188archive 2025-07-28

Ofir Zafrir, Guy Boudoukh, Peter Izsak, Moshe Wasserblat

Recently, pre-trained Transformer based language models such as BERT and GPT, have shown great improvement in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models contain a large amount of parameters. The emergence of even larger and more accurate models such as GPT2 and Megatron, suggest a trend of large pre-trained Transformer models. However, using these large models in production environments is a complex task requiring a large amount of compute, memory and power resources. In this work we show how to perform quantization-aware training during the fine-tuning phase of BERT in order to compress BERT by 4× with minimal accuracy loss. Furthermore, the produced quantized model can accelerate inference speed if it is optimized for 8bit Integer supporting hardware.

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Syntology Ran 3 of 11 code samples harvested from 3 repositories linked to this paper; 8 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 2 ran · honoured contract; 1 ran · our draft was wrong.

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intellabs/model-compression-research-package officialmentioned on GitHubpytorchnot reachable when probed 2026-09-17 — repositories for recent papers often appear after camera-ready report
NervanaSystems/nlp-architect officialtfApache-2.0 report
huggingface/block_movement_pruning mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
iabd/QuantizedNMT mentioned on GitHubpytorchApache-2.0 report

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2ran · honoured contract
1ran · our draft was wrong
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f1 NervanaSystems/nlp-architect/nlp_architect/models/np_semantic_segmentation.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 6a2e2df3980634be · report
find_correct_index NervanaSystems/nlp-architect/nlp_architect/common/core_nlp_doc.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 17b3dba51524b6d1 · report
merge_punctuation NervanaSystems/nlp-architect/nlp_architect/common/core_nlp_doc.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · e9f89451c8a8ee18 · report
precision_score NervanaSystems/nlp-architect/nlp_architect/models/np_semantic_segmentation.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 8891829bac9ad9a6 · report
recall_score NervanaSystems/nlp-architect/nlp_architect/models/np_semantic_segmentation.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 63b63c3ae6452ee1 · report
regularization huggingface/block_movement_pruning/block_movement_pruning/masked_run_squad.py community (archive-listed) ran · honoured contract no licence file found · pointer only · 1e24f40610cc5f59 · report
schedule_threshold huggingface/block_movement_pruning/block_movement_pruning/masked_run_squad.py community (archive-listed) ran · honoured contract fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 484979ea1bdecce9 · report
batchSizeFn iabd/QuantizedNMT/Trace.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · e0a328541873813a · report
get_std_opt iabd/QuantizedNMT/src/noamOpt.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · b08eb2ca2806310a · report
selfAttention iabd/QuantizedNMT/src/attention.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 2f6f127ef7168a65 · report
to_list identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · our draft was wrong fingerprinted licence of this copy not recorded · 9df40357afea56cc · report

Tasks

Linguistic AcceptabilityNatural Language InferenceQuantizationSemantic Textual SimilaritySentiment Analysis

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Linguistic Acceptability CoLA Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Accuracy 65.0 #24 of 43 Archive leaderboard report
Natural Language Inference MultiNLI Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Matched 85.6 #29 of 67 Archive leaderboard report
Natural Language Inference QNLI Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Accuracy 93.0 #23 of 43 Archive leaderboard report
Natural Language Inference RTE Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Accuracy 84.8 #27 of 90 Archive leaderboard report
Semantic Textual Similarity MRPC Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Accuracy 89.7 #17 of 45 Archive leaderboard report
Semantic Textual Similarity STS Benchmark Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Pearson Correlation 0.911 #14 of 66 Archive leaderboard report
Sentiment Analysis SST-2 Binary classification Q8BERT (Zafrir et al., 2019) Accuracy 94.7 #32 of 87 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionAttention DropoutBERTBPECosine AnnealingDense ConnectionsDiscriminative Fine-TuningDropoutGPTLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerLinear Warmup With Cosine AnnealingLinear Warmup With Linear DecayMulti-Head AttentionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerReLUResidual ConnectionSPEEDSoftmaxTransformerWeight DecayWordPiece

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