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Jointformer: Single-Frame Lifting Transformer with Error Prediction and Refinement for 3D Human Pose Estimation

7 Aug 2022arXiv:2208.03704archive 2025-07-28

Sebastian Lutz, Richard Blythman, Koustav Ghosal, Matthew Moynihan, Ciaran Simms, Aljosa Smolic

Monocular 3D human pose estimation technologies have the potential to greatly increase the availability of human movement data. The best-performing models for single-image 2D-3D lifting use graph convolutional networks (GCNs) that typically require some manual input to define the relationships between different body joints. We propose a novel transformer-based approach that uses the more generalised self-attention mechanism to learn these relationships within a sequence of tokens representing joints. We find that the use of intermediate supervision, as well as residual connections between the stacked encoders benefits performance. We also suggest that using error prediction as part of a multi-task learning framework improves performance by allowing the network to compensate for its confidence level. We perform extensive ablation studies to show that each of our contributions increases performance. Furthermore, we show that our approach outperforms the recent state of the art for single-frame 3D human pose estimation by a large margin. Our code and trained models are made publicly available on Github.

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Code

seblutz/JointFormer officialmentioned on GitHubpytorch report

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Tasks

3D Human Pose EstimationMonocular 3D Human Pose EstimationMulti-Task LearningPose Estimation

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
3D Human Pose Estimation H3WB Jointformer-flip MPJPE 63.0 #4 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
3D Human Pose Estimation Human3.6M Jointformer (CPN) Average MPJPE (mm) 50.5 #65 of 88 Archive leaderboard report
3D Human Pose Estimation Human3.6M Jointformer (CPN) Multi-View or Monocular Monocular #65 of 88 Archive leaderboard report
3D Human Pose Estimation Human3.6M Jointformer (CPN) Using 2D ground-truth joints No #65 of 88 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

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