Papers › Insights into LSTM Fully Convolutional Networks for Time Series Classification
Insights into LSTM Fully Convolutional Networks for Time Series Classification
Fazle Karim, Somshubra Majumdar, Houshang Darabi
Long Short Term Memory Fully Convolutional Neural Networks (LSTM-FCN) and Attention LSTM-FCN (ALSTM-FCN) have shown to achieve state-of-the-art performance on the task of classifying time series signals on the old University of California-Riverside (UCR) time series repository. However, there has been no study on why LSTM-FCN and ALSTM-FCN perform well. In this paper, we perform a series of ablation tests (3627 experiments) on LSTM-FCN and ALSTM-FCN to provide a better understanding of the model and each of its sub-module. Results from the ablation tests on ALSTM-FCN and LSTM-FCN show that the LSTM and the FCN blocks perform better when applied in a conjoined manner. Two z-normalizing techniques, z-normalizing each sample independently and z-normalizing the whole dataset, are compared using a Wilcoxson signed-rank test to show a statistical difference in performance. In addition, we provide an understanding of the impact dimension shuffle has on LSTM-FCN by comparing its performance with LSTM-FCN when no dimension shuffle is applied. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the LSTM-FCN when the LSTM block is replaced by a GRU, basic RNN, and Dense Block.
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