Papers › Feature Selective Anchor-Free Module for Single-Shot Object Detection
Feature Selective Anchor-Free Module for Single-Shot Object Detection
Chenchen Zhu, Yihui He, Marios Savvides
We motivate and present feature selective anchor-free (FSAF) module, a simple and effective building block for single-shot object detectors. It can be plugged into single-shot detectors with feature pyramid structure. The FSAF module addresses two limitations brought up by the conventional anchor-based detection: 1) heuristic-guided feature selection; 2) overlap-based anchor sampling. The general concept of the FSAF module is online feature selection applied to the training of multi-level anchor-free branches. Specifically, an anchor-free branch is attached to each level of the feature pyramid, allowing box encoding and decoding in the anchor-free manner at an arbitrary level. During training, we dynamically assign each instance to the most suitable feature level. At the time of inference, the FSAF module can work jointly with anchor-based branches by outputting predictions in parallel. We instantiate this concept with simple implementations of anchor-free branches and online feature selection strategy. Experimental results on the COCO detection track show that our FSAF module performs better than anchor-based counterparts while being faster. When working jointly with anchor-based branches, the FSAF module robustly improves the baseline RetinaNet by a large margin under various settings, while introducing nearly free inference overhead. And the resulting best model can achieve a state-of-the-art 44.6% mAP, outperforming all existing single-shot detectors on COCO.
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, anchor-based branches) | AP50 | 62.4 | #163 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, anchor-based branches) | box AP | 41.6 | #163 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-101, anchor-based branches) | AP50 | 59.2 | #189 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-101, anchor-based branches) | box AP | 39.3 | #189 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-101) | AP50 | 58.0 | #201 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-101) | box AP | 37.9 | #201 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-50) | AP50 | 55.0 | #206 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-50) | AP75 | 37.9 | #206 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-50) | APL | 48.2 | #206 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-50) | APM | 39.6 | #206 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-50) | APS | 19.8 | #206 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO minival | FSAF (ResNet-50) | box AP | 35.9 | #206 of 220 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, multi-scale) | AP50 | 65.2 | #143 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, multi-scale) | AP75 | 48.6 | #143 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, multi-scale) | APL | 54.6 | #143 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, multi-scale) | APM | 47.1 | #143 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, multi-scale) | APS | 29.7 | #143 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNeXt-101, multi-scale) | box mAP | 44.6 | #143 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | AP50 | 61.5 | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | AP75 | 44 | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | APL | 51.3 | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | APM | 44.2 | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | APS | 24 | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | Hardware Burden | 38G | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Object Detection | COCO test-dev | FSAF (ResNet-101, single-scale) | box mAP | 40.9 | #187 of 225 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
Methods
Introduced by this paper: FSAF
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