Papers › Variance-Aware Linear UCB with Deep Representation for Neural Contextual Bandits

Variance-Aware Linear UCB with Deep Representation for Neural Contextual Bandits

8 Nov 2024arXiv:2411.05979archive 2025-07-28

Ha Manh Bui, Enrique Mallada, Anqi Liu

By leveraging the representation power of deep neural networks, neural upper confidence bound (UCB) algorithms have shown success in contextual bandits. To further balance the exploration and exploitation, we propose Neural-σ²-LinearUCB, a variance-aware algorithm that utilizes σ²ₜ, i.e., an upper bound of the reward noise variance at round t, to enhance the uncertainty quantification quality of the UCB, resulting in a regret performance improvement. We provide an oracle version for our algorithm characterized by an oracle variance upper bound σ²ₜ and a practical version with a novel estimation for this variance bound. Theoretically, we provide rigorous regret analysis for both versions and prove that our oracle algorithm achieves a better regret guarantee than other neural-UCB algorithms in the neural contextual bandits setting. Empirically, our practical method enjoys a similar computational efficiency, while outperforming state-of-the-art techniques by having a better calibration and lower regret across multiple standard settings, including on the synthetic, UCI, MNIST, and CIFAR-10 datasets.

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Computational EfficiencyMulti-Armed BanditsUncertainty Quantification

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