Papers › Uniting the Observed Dynamical Dark Energy Preference with the Discrepancies in Ωₘ and...
Uniting the Observed Dynamical Dark Energy Preference with the Discrepancies in Ωₘ and H₀ Across Cosmological Probes
Xianzhe TZ Tang, Dillon Brout, Tanvi Karwal, Chihway Chang, Vivian Miranda, Maria Vincenzi
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Recent results from Type Ia Supernovae (SNe), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) indicate 1) potentially discrepant measurements of the matter density Ωₘ and Hubble constant H₀ in ΛCDM model when analyzed individually, and 2) hints of dynamical dark energy in a w₀wₐCDM model when data are combined in a joint analysis. We examine whether underlying dynamical dark energy cosmologies favored by data would result in biases in Ωₘ and H₀ for each probe when analyzed individually under ΛCDM. We generate mock datasets in w₀wₐCDM cosmologies, fit the individual probes under the ΛCDM model, and find expected biases in Ωₘ are ∼0.03. Notably, the Ωₘ differences between probes are consistent with values observed in real datasets. We also observe that mock DESI-BAO datasets generated in the w₀wₐCDM cosmologies will lead to a biased measurement of H₀ higher by (∼1.2km/s/Mpc) when fitted under ΛCDM, appearing to mildly improve the Hubble tension, but as the true underlying H₀ is lower, the tension is in fact worsened. We find that the Ωₘ discrepancies, the high BAO H₀ relative to CMB, and the joint dynamical dark energy signal are all related effects that could be explained \textit{simultaneously} with either new physics or new systematics. While it is possible to unite many of the discrepancies seen in recent analyses along a single axis, our results underscore the importance of understanding systematic differences in datasets, as they have unique impacts in different cosmological parameter spaces.
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