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Unbiased Teacher v2: Semi-supervised Object Detection for Anchor-free and Anchor-based Detectors
Yen-Cheng Liu, Chih-Yao Ma, Zsolt Kira
With the recent development of Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SS-OD) techniques, object detectors can be improved by using a limited amount of labeled data and abundant unlabeled data. However, there are still two challenges that are not addressed: (1) there is no prior SS-OD work on anchor-free detectors, and (2) prior works are ineffective when pseudo-labeling bounding box regression. In this paper, we present Unbiased Teacher v2, which shows the generalization of SS-OD method to anchor-free detectors and also introduces Listen2Student mechanism for the unsupervised regression loss. Specifically, we first present a study examining the effectiveness of existing SS-OD methods on anchor-free detectors and find that they achieve much lower performance improvements under the semi-supervised setting. We also observe that box selection with centerness and the localization-based labeling used in anchor-free detectors cannot work well under the semi-supervised setting. On the other hand, our Listen2Student mechanism explicitly prevents misleading pseudo-labels in the training of bounding box regression; we specifically develop a novel pseudo-labeling selection mechanism based on the Teacher and Student's relative uncertainties. This idea contributes to favorable improvement in the regression branch in the semi-supervised setting. Our method, which works for both anchor-free and anchor-based methods, consistently performs favorably against the state-of-the-art methods in VOC, COCO-standard, and COCO-additional.
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Code
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semi-Supervised Object Detection | COCO 0.5% labeled data | Unbiased Teacher v2 | mAP | 21.26 ± 0.21 | #1 of 5 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Semi-Supervised Object Detection | COCO 1% labeled data | Unbiased Teacher v2 | mAP | 26.07±0.36 | #4 of 22 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Semi-Supervised Object Detection | COCO 10% labeled data | Unbiased Teacher v2 | detector | FCOS-Res50 | #12 of 27 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Semi-Supervised Object Detection | COCO 10% labeled data | Unbiased Teacher v2 | mAP | 35.08±0.02 | #12 of 27 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Semi-Supervised Object Detection | COCO 2% labeled data | Unbiased Teacher v2 | mAP | 28.37±0.03 | #7 of 19 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Semi-Supervised Object Detection | COCO 5% labeled data | Unbiased Teacher v2 | mAP | 31.85±0.09 | #12 of 23 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
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