Papers › U2-BENCH: Benchmarking Large Vision-Language Models on Ultrasound Understanding
U2-BENCH: Benchmarking Large Vision-Language Models on Ultrasound Understanding
Anjie Le, Henan Liu, Yue Wang, Zhenyu Liu, Rongkun Zhu, Taohan Weng, Jinze Yu, Boyang Wang, Yalun Wu, Kaiwen Yan, Quanlin Sun, Meirui Jiang, Jialun Pei, Siya Liu, Haoyun Zheng, Zhoujun Li, Alison Noble, Jacques Souquet, Xiaoqing Guo, Manxi Lin, Hongcheng Guo
Ultrasound is a widely-used imaging modality critical to global healthcare, yet its interpretation remains challenging due to its varying image quality on operators, noises, and anatomical structures. Although large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal capabilities across natural and medical domains, their performance on ultrasound remains largely unexplored. We introduce U2-BENCH, the first comprehensive benchmark to evaluate LVLMs on ultrasound understanding across classification, detection, regression, and text generation tasks. U2-BENCH aggregates 7,241 cases spanning 15 anatomical regions and defines 8 clinically inspired tasks, such as diagnosis, view recognition, lesion localization, clinical value estimation, and report generation, across 50 ultrasound application scenarios. We evaluate 20 state-of-the-art LVLMs, both open- and closed-source, general-purpose and medical-specific. Our results reveal strong performance on image-level classification, but persistent challenges in spatial reasoning and clinical language generation. U2-BENCH establishes a rigorous and unified testbed to assess and accelerate LVLM research in the uniquely multimodal domain of medical ultrasound imaging.
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