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Type-I two-Higgs-doublet model and gravitational waves from domain walls bounded by strings

25 Apr 2024arXiv:2404.16931links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Bowen Fu, Anish Ghoshal, Stephen F. King, Moinul Hossain Rahat

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The spontaneous breaking of a U(1) symmetry via an intermediate discrete symmetry may yield a hybrid topological defect of \emph{domain walls bounded by cosmic strings}. The decay of this defect network leads to a unique gravitational wave signal spanning many orders in observable frequencies, that can be distinguished from signals generated by other sources. We investigate the production of gravitational waves from this mechanism in the context of the type-I two-Higgs-doublet model extended by a U(1)_R symmetry, that simultaneously accommodates the seesaw mechanism, anomaly cancellation, and eliminates flavour-changing neutral currents. The gravitational wave spectrum produced by the string-bounded-wall network can be detected for U(1)_R breaking scale from 10¹² to 10¹⁵ GeV in forthcoming interferometers including LISA and Einstein Telescope, with a distinctive f³ slope and inflexion in the frequency range between microhertz and hertz.

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