Papers › TpuGraphs: A Performance Prediction Dataset on Large Tensor Computational Graphs

TpuGraphs: A Performance Prediction Dataset on Large Tensor Computational Graphs

25 Aug 2023NeurIPS 2023 11arXiv:2308.13490archive 2025-07-28

Phitchaya Mangpo Phothilimthana, Sami Abu-El-Haija, Kaidi Cao, Bahare Fatemi, Mike Burrows, Charith Mendis, Bryan Perozzi

Precise hardware performance models play a crucial role in code optimizations. They can assist compilers in making heuristic decisions or aid autotuners in identifying the optimal configuration for a given program. For example, the autotuner for XLA, a machine learning compiler, discovered 10-20% speedup on state-of-the-art models serving substantial production traffic at Google. Although there exist a few datasets for program performance prediction, they target small sub-programs such as basic blocks or kernels. This paper introduces TpuGraphs, a performance prediction dataset on full tensor programs, represented as computational graphs, running on Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). Each graph in the dataset represents the main computation of a machine learning workload, e.g., a training epoch or an inference step. Each data sample contains a computational graph, a compilation configuration, and the execution time of the graph when compiled with the configuration. The graphs in the dataset are collected from open-source machine learning programs, featuring popular model architectures, e.g., ResNet, EfficientNet, Mask R-CNN, and Transformer. TpuGraphs provides 25x more graphs than the largest graph property prediction dataset (with comparable graph sizes), and 770x larger graphs on average compared to existing performance prediction datasets on machine learning programs. This graph-level prediction task on large graphs introduces new challenges in learning, ranging from scalability, training efficiency, to model quality.

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random_prediction google-research-datasets/tpu_graphs/tpu_graphs/baselines/tiles/random_baseline.py official repository ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 1e10d9728e25d050 · report
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Tasks

Graph Property PredictionPredictionProperty PredictionRuntime ranking

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Runtime ranking TpuGraphs Layout mean TpuGraphs Kendall's Tau 0.298 #2 of 2 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

1x1 ConvolutionAbsolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionAverage PoolingBPEBatch NormalizationBottleneck Residual BlockConvolutionDense ConnectionsDepthwise ConvolutionDepthwise Separable ConvolutionDropoutGlobal Average PoolingInverted Residual BlockKaiming InitializationLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMask R-CNNMax PoolingMulti-Head AttentionPointwise ConvolutionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerRMSPropRPNReLUResidual BlockResidual ConnectionRoIAlignSigmoid ActivationSoftmaxSqueeze-and-Excitation BlockTransformer

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