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Towards hybrid inflation with nₛ=1 in light of Hubble tension and primordial gravitational waves
Gen Ye, Jun-Qian Jiang, Yun-Song Piao
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Recently, it has been found that complete resolution of the Hubble tension might point to a scale-invariant Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum of primordial scalar perturbation, i.e. nₛ=1 for $H_0\sim 73$km/s/Mpc. We show that for well-known slow-roll models, if inflation ends by a waterfall instability with respect to another field in the field space while inflaton is still at a deep slow-roll region, nₛ can be lifted to nₛ= 1. A surprise of our result is that with pre-recombination early dark energy, chaotic ϕ² inflation, ruled out by Planck+BICEP/Keck in standard ΛCDM, can be revived, which is now well within testable region of upcoming cosmic microwave background B-mode experiments.
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