Papers › TOI-5005 b: A super-Neptune in the savanna near the ridge
TOI-5005 b: A super-Neptune in the savanna near the ridge
A. Castro-González, J. Lillo-Box, D. J. Armstrong, L. Acuña, A. Aguichine, V. Bourrier, S. Gandhi, S. G. Sousa, E. Delgado-Mena, A. Moya, V. Adibekyan, A. C. M. Correia, D. Barrado, M. Damasso, J. N. Winn, N. C. Santos, K. Barkaoui, S. C. C. Barros, Z. Benkhaldoun, F. Bouchy, C. Briceño, D. A. Caldwell, K. A. Collins, Z. Essack, M. Ghachoui, M. Gillon, R. Hounsell, E. Jehin, J. M. Jenkins, M. A. F. Keniger, N. Law, A. W. Mann, L. D. Nielsen, F. J. Pozuelos, N. Schanche, S. Seager, T. -G. Tan, M. Timmermans, J. Villaseñor, C. N. Watkins, C. Ziegler
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The Neptunian desert and savanna have recently been found to be separated by a ridge, an overdensity of planets in the period range of ≃3-5 days. These features are thought to be shaped by dynamical and atmospheric processes, but their roles are not yet well understood. Our aim was to confirm and characterize the super-Neptune TESS candidate TOI-5005.01, which orbits a moderately bright (V = 11.8) solar-type star (G2 V) with an orbital period of 6.3 days. We confirm TOI-5005 b to be a transiting super-Neptune with a radius of Rₚ = 6.25±0.24 R_⊕ (Rₚ = 0.558±0.021 R_J) and a mass of Mₚ = 32.7±5.9 M_⊕ (Mₚ = 0.103±0.018 M_J), which corresponds to a mean density of ρₚ = 0.74 ±0.16 g cm⁻³. Our internal structure modelling indicates that the overall metal mass fraction is well constrained to a value slightly lower than that of Neptune and Uranus (Zₚₗₐₙₑₜ = 0.76^(+0.04)_(-0.11)). We also estimated the present-day atmospheric mass-loss rate of TOI-5005 b, but found contrasting predictions depending on the choice of photoevaporation model. At a population level, we find statistical evidence (p-value = 0.0092^(+0.0184)_(-0.0066)) that planets in the savanna such as TOI-5005 b tend to show lower densities than planets in the ridge, with a dividing line around 1 g cm⁻³, which supports the hypothesis of different evolutionary pathways populating the two regimes. TOI-5005 b is located in a key region of the period-radius space to study the transition between the Neptunian ridge and the savanna. It orbits the brightest star of all such planets, which makes it a target of interest for atmospheric and orbital architecture observations that will bring a clearer picture of its overall evolution.
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