Papers › The short gamma-ray burst population in a quasi-universal jet scenario
The short gamma-ray burst population in a quasi-universal jet scenario
O. S. Salafia, M. E. Ravasio, G. Ghirlanda, I. Mandel
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We describe a model of the short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) population under a `quasi-universal jet' scenario in which jets can differ in their on-axis peak prompt emission luminosity L_c, but share a universal angular luminosity profile ℓ(θᵥ)=L(θᵥ)/L_c as a function of the viewing angle θᵥ. The model is fitted, through a Bayesian hierarchical approach inspired by gravitational wave (GW) population analyses, to 3 observed SGRB samples simultaneously: the Fermi/GBM sample of SGRBs with spectral information in the catalogue (367 events); a flux-complete sample of 16 Swift/BAT SGRBs also detected by GBM, with a measured redshift; and a sample of SGRBs with a binary neutron star (BNS) merger counterpart, which only includes GRB~170817A at present. The results favour a narrow jet core with half-opening angle θ_c=2.1_(-1.4)^(+2.4) deg (90% credible intervals from our fiducial `full sample' analysis) whose on-axis peak luminosity is distributed as p(L_c) ∝L_c⁻ᴬ with A=3.2_(-0.4)^(+0.7) above a minimum luminosity L_c^⋆ = 5₋₂⁺¹¹×10⁵¹ erg s⁻¹. For θᵥ>θ_c, the luminosity scales as a power law ℓ∝θᵥ^(-α_L) with α_L=4.7_(-1.4)^(+1.2), with no evidence for a break. While the model implies an intrinsic `Yonetoku' correlation between L and the peak photon energy Eₚ, its slope is somewhat shallower Eₚ∝L^(0.4±0.2) than the apparent one, and the normalization is offset towards larger Eₚ, due to selection effects. The implied local rate density of SGRBs is between about 100 up to several thousands of events per Gpc³ yr, in line with the BNS merger rate density inferred from GW observations. Based on the model, we predict 0.2 to 1.3 joint GW+SGRB detections per year by the Advanced GW detector network and Fermi/GBM during the O4 observing run.
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