Papers › Subspace Diffusion Generative Models

Subspace Diffusion Generative Models

3 May 2022arXiv:2205.01490archive 2025-07-28

Bowen Jing, Gabriele Corso, Renato Berlinghieri, Tommi Jaakkola

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences thereof. Instead, we restrict the diffusion via projections onto subspaces as the data distribution evolves toward noise. When applied to state-of-the-art models, our framework simultaneously improves sample quality -- reaching an FID of 2.17 on unconditional CIFAR-10 -- and reduces the computational cost of inference for the same number of denoising steps. Our framework is fully compatible with continuous-time diffusion and retains its flexible capabilities, including exact log-likelihoods and controllable generation. Code is available at https://github.com/bjing2016/subspace-diffusion.

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get_data_inverse_scaler bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/datasets.py official repository ran · our draft was wrong Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 6c419026e778dee2 · report
get_data_scaler bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/datasets.py official repository ran · our draft was wrong Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 346d2e6cc8b48a5d · report
get_optimizer bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/losses.py official repository ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 8ff7c24dade9904c · report
optimization_manager bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/losses.py official repository ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 366bb8c7035a2fc8 · report
variance_scaling bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/models/layers.py official repository ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 3ac11bfe0ae80195 · report
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get_act bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/models/layers.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · db5f935a1d6b4c2c · report
get_div_fn bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/likelihood.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 0bfcb6b2d940e393 · report
load_dataset_stats bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/evaluation.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · b45ab263f8440954 · report
ncsn_conv1x1 bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/models/layers.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 85b2235eb7afaa4f · report
repeat bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/models/subspace_model.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · c91b06c6042d38a2 · report
upsample bjing2016/subspace-diffusion/models/subspace_model.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · b956dee51c21c29d · report

Tasks

DenoisingImage Generation

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Image Generation CIFAR-10 Subspace Diffusion (NSCN++) FID 2.17 #17 of 78 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

Diffusion

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