Papers › SPOQ ℓₚ-Over-ℓ_q Regularization for Sparse Signal Recovery applied to Mass Spectrometry
SPOQ ℓₚ-Over-ℓ_q Regularization for Sparse Signal Recovery applied to Mass Spectrometry
Afef Cherni, Emilie Chouzenoux, Laurent Duval, Jean-Christophe Pesquet
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Underdetermined or ill-posed inverse problems require additional information for \ldd{d} sound solutions with tractable optimization algorithms. Sparsity yields consequent heuristics to that matter, with numerous applications in signal restoration, image recovery, or machine learning. Since the ℓ₀ count measure is barely tractable, many statistical or learning approaches have invested in computable proxies, such as the ℓ₁ norm. However, the latter does not exhibit the desirable property of scale invariance for sparse data. Extending the SOOT Euclidean/Taxicab ℓ₁-over-ℓ₂ norm-ratio initially introduced for blind deconvolution, we propose SPOQ, a family of smoothed (approximately) scale-invariant penalty functions. It consists of a Lipschitz-differentiable surrogate for ℓₚ-over-ℓ_q quasi-norm/norm ratios with p∈ ]0,2[ and q≥2. This surrogate is embedded into a novel majorize-minimize trust-region approach, generalizing the variable metric forward-backward algorithm. For naturally sparse mass-spectrometry signals, we show that SPOQ significantly outperforms ℓ₀, ℓ₁, Cauchy, Welsch, SCAD and Celo penalties on several performance measures. Guidelines on SPOQ hyperparameters tuning are also provided, suggesting simple data-driven choices.
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