Papers › Solar Irradiance Forecasting with Transformer Model

Solar Irradiance Forecasting with Transformer Model

2 Sep 2022MDPI Applied Sciences 2022 9archive 2025-07-28

Jiří Pospíchal, Martin Kubovčík, Iveta Dirgová Luptáková

Solar energy is one of the most popular sources of renewable energy today. It is therefore essential to be able to predict solar power generation and adapt energy needs to these predictions. This paper uses the Transformer deep neural network model, in which the attention mechanism is typically applied in NLP or vision problems. Here, it is extended by combining features based on their spatiotemporal properties in solar irradiance prediction. The results were predicted for arbitrary long-time horizons since the prediction is always 1 day ahead, which can be included at the end along the timestep axis of the input data and the first timestep representing the oldest timestep removed. A maximum worst-case mean absolute percentage error of 3.45% for the one-day-ahead prediction was obtained, which gave better results than the directly competing methods.

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markub3327/Solar-Transformer mentioned in papertf report

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PredictionSolar Irradiance Forecastingmodel

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Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionBPEDense ConnectionsDropoutLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMulti-Head AttentionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerResidual ConnectionSoftmaxTransformer

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