Papers › Searching for Afterglow: Light Dark Matter Boosted by Supernova Neutrinos
Searching for Afterglow: Light Dark Matter Boosted by Supernova Neutrinos
Yen-Hsun Lin, Wen-Hua Wu, Meng-Ru Wu, Henry Tsz-King Wong
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A novel analysis is performed, incorporating time-of-flight (TOF) information to study the interactions of dark matter (DM) with standard model particles. After supernova (SN) explosions, DM with mass mᵪ≲𝒪(MeV) in the halo can be boosted by SN neutrinos (SNν) to relativistic speed. The SNν boosted DM (BDM) arrives on Earth with TOF which depends only on mᵪ and is independent of the cross section. These BDMs can interact with detector targets in low-background experiments and manifest as afterglow events after the arrival of SNν. The characteristic TOF spectra of the BDM events can lead to large background suppression and unique determination of mᵪ. New cross section constraints on √(σᵪₑ σ_(χν)) are derived from SN1987a in the Large Magellanic Cloud with data from the Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande experiments. Potential sensitivities for the next galactic SN with Hyper-Kamiokande are projected. This analysis extends the existing bounds on √(σᵪₑσ_(χν)) over a broad range of rᵪ=σ_(χν)/σᵪₑ. In particular, the improvement is by 1-3 orders of magnitude for mᵪ<𝒪(100 keV) for σᵪₑ∼σ_(χν). Prospects of exploiting TOF information in other astrophysical systems to probe exotic physics with other DM candidates are discussed.
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