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Search for gravitational waves from the coalescence of sub-solar mass binaries in the first half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run
Alexander H. Nitz, Yi-Fan Wang
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We present a search for gravitational waves from the coalescence of sub-solar mass black hole binaries using data from the first half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run. The observation of a sub-solar mass black hole merger may be an indication of primordial origin; primordial black holes may contribute to the dark matter distribution. We search for black hole mergers where the primary mass is 0.1-7 M_⊙ and the secondary mass is 0.1-1 M_⊙. A variety of models predict the production and coalescence of binaries containing primordial black holes; some involve dynamical assembly which may allow for residual eccentricity to be observed. For component masses >0.5 M_⊙, we also search for sources in eccentric orbits, measured at a reference gravitational-wave frequency of 10 Hz, up to e₁₀∼0.3. We find no convincing candidates and place new upper limits on the rate of primordial black hole mergers. The merger rate of 0.5-0.5 (1.0-1.0)~M_⊙ sources is <7100 (1200) Gpc⁻³yr⁻¹. Our limits are ∼3-4 times more constraining than prior analyses. Finally, we demonstrate how our limits can be used to constrain arbitrary models of the primordial black hole mass distribution and merger rate.
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