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Run Compressed Rank/Select for Large Alphabets

8 Nov 2017arXiv:1711.02910links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

José Fuentes-Sepúlveda, Juha Kärkkäinen, Dmitry Kosolobov, Simon J. Puglisi

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Given a string of length n that is composed of r runs of letters from the alphabet {0,1,…,σ-1} such that 2 ≤σ≤r, we describe a data structure that, provided r ≤n / log^(ω(1)) n, stores the string in rlognσ/r + o(rlognσ/r) bits and supports select and access queries in O(log(log(n/r))/loglogn) time and rank queries in O(log(log(nσ/r))/loglogn) time. We show that rlog(n(σ-1))/r - O(logn/r) bits are necessary for any such data structure and, thus, our solution is succinct. We also describe a data structure that uses (1 + ϵ)rlognσ/r + O(r) bits, where ϵ> 0 is an arbitrary constant, with the same query times but without the restriction r ≤n / log^(ω(1)) n. By simple reductions to the colored predecessor problem, we show that the query times are optimal in the important case r ≥2^(log^δ n), for an arbitrary constant δ> 0. We implement our solution and compare it with the state of the art, showing that the closest competitors consume 31-46% more space.

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