Papers › RLWE and PLWE over cyclotomic fields are not equivalent

RLWE and PLWE over cyclotomic fields are not equivalent

12 Jan 2022arXiv:2201.04365links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Antonio J. Di Scala, Carlo Sanna, Edoardo Signorini

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We prove that the Ring Learning With Errors (RLWE) and the Polynomial Learning With Errors (PLWE) problems over the cyclotomic field ℚ(ζₙ) are not equivalent. Precisely, we show that reducing one problem to the other increases the noise by a factor that is more than polynomial in n. We do so by providing a lower bound, holding for infinitely many positive integers n, for the condition number of the Vandermonde matrix of the $n$th cyclotomic polynomial.

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