Papers › Revisiting Self-Supervised Visual Representation Learning

Revisiting Self-Supervised Visual Representation Learning

25 Jan 2019CVPR 2019 6arXiv:1901.09005archive 2025-07-28

Alexander Kolesnikov, Xiaohua Zhai, Lucas Beyer

Unsupervised visual representation learning remains a largely unsolved problem in computer vision research. Among a big body of recently proposed approaches for unsupervised learning of visual representations, a class of self-supervised techniques achieves superior performance on many challenging benchmarks. A large number of the pretext tasks for self-supervised learning have been studied, but other important aspects, such as the choice of convolutional neural networks (CNN), has not received equal attention. Therefore, we revisit numerous previously proposed self-supervised models, conduct a thorough large scale study and, as a result, uncover multiple crucial insights. We challenge a number of common practices in selfsupervised visual representation learning and observe that standard recipes for CNN design do not always translate to self-supervised representation learning. As part of our study, we drastically boost the performance of previously proposed techniques and outperform previously published state-of-the-art results by a large margin.

PaperPDFConference PDFCodeCode Syntology ran

In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

For agents, Syntology's MCP tool lists every function and class Syntology harvested from this paper and whether it ran (how to connect): get_harvested_code_for_paper(arxiv_id="1901.09005")

Code

Syntology Ran 0 of 15 code samples harvested from 2 repositories linked to this paper; 15 have no recorded run.

By repository: official repository: 8 samples from 1 repository, 0 ran; community (archive-listed): 7 samples from 1 repository, 0 ran. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

google/revisiting-self-supervised officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubtfApache-2.0 report
moabitcoin/ssvr mentioned on GitHubtf report
philip-bachman/amdim-public mentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report
rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl mentioned on GitHubtfApache-2.0 report
rkorzeniowski/bigbigan-pytorch mentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report
virtualgraham/sc_patch mentioned on GitHubpytorch report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

15 samples harvested; 0 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 15 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

15unverified

Licence: 7 of the 15 samples are pointer only, meaning Syntology does not serve that copy's text. This page shows no code text for any sample; each one links to its file in the repository.

Harvested from 2 repositories linked to this paper, official or community; each sample names its own and says which. “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized input. It does not mean the output is correct, and nothing here reproduces the paper's results. “Honoured” and “violated” refer to a contract Syntology drafted from the code itself; “our draft was wrong” and “fixture could not drive it” are failures of Syntology's instrument, not of the code.

Each sample ends with its code_sha256, Syntology's identity for that exact code. An agent fetches the stored sample with Syntology's MCP tool get_code(code_sha256="…") (how to connect); click an identity to copy that call.

Repository labels, per sample. official repository: The archive marks this repository official for the paper. named in the paper: The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official. community (archive-listed): In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper. found in paper text by Syntology: Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted. community: Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested. Samples from a repository marked official are listed first. Licence labels name the repository's licence as recorded at harvest. “Pointer only” means Syntology does not serve that copy's text, for one of four reasons: no licence file was found; the licence was not identified; the licence is recorded as permissive but that copy's record is not marked cleared; or the licence is outside the permissive list Syntology serves text under (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD and similar). Some licences outside that list permit redistribution, such as WTFPL, and GPL-3.0 under its conditions; they are simply not on the list. Hover a licence label for the reason. File links open the file on GitHub at the default branch, which may have changed since the harvest.

batch_norm google/revisiting-self-supervised/models/resnet.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · d29f9171cd72ee14 · report
crop google/revisiting-self-supervised/self_supervision/patch_model_preprocess.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 8fc347f41c9ad9e5 · report
fixed_padding google/revisiting-self-supervised/models/resnet.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 650804f0bf60d727 · report
generate_sharded_filenames google/revisiting-self-supervised/datasets.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 67c0ff3ae27aa20b · report
get_shape_as_list google/revisiting-self-supervised/models/resnet.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · f3176d55b81052d5 · report
image_grid google/revisiting-self-supervised/self_supervision/patch_utils.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 8f93014aa9fd5d3f · report
image_to_patches google/revisiting-self-supervised/self_supervision/patch_model_preprocess.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · d6adc3a769d03202 · report
repeat google/revisiting-self-supervised/self_supervision/exemplar.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 0e9af15ef7691776 · report
adaptive_pool rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/utils.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · a758b93f9c0566d4 · report
concat_dicts rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/utils.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · 4fdb7cc6673fd054 · report
convbnrelu rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/models/vggnet.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · 1b8fc1e32b1ff09f · report
get_lr rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/trainer.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · baf26176db8e0350 · report
get_resize_small rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/preprocess.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · f2ead8be8bb7d21c · report
str2intlist rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/utils.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · 420d7fad13c47138 · report
vgg19 rickyHong/Puzzle-tensorflow-latest-repl/models/vggnet.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · 5f17db2cd3b2b06d · report

Tasks

Representation LearningSelf-Supervised Image ClassificationSelf-Supervised Learning

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Rotation (RevNet-50 ×4) Number of Params 86M #130 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Rotation (RevNet-50 ×4) Top 1 Accuracy 55.4% #130 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Rotation (RevNet-50 ×4) Top 5 Accuracy 77.9% #130 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Rel.Patch.Loc (ResNet50 ×2) Number of Params 94M #132 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Rel.Patch.Loc (ResNet50 ×2) Top 1 Accuracy 51.4% #132 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Rel.Patch.Loc (ResNet50 ×2) Top 5 Accuracy 74.0% #132 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Exemplar (ResNet-50 ×3) Number of Params 211M #135 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Exemplar (ResNet-50 ×3) Top 1 Accuracy 46.0% #135 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Exemplar (ResNet-50 ×3) Top 5 Accuracy 68.8% #135 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Jigsaw (ResNet50 ×2) Number of Params 94M #136 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Jigsaw (ResNet50 ×2) Top 1 Accuracy 44.6% #136 of 144 Archive leaderboard report
Self-Supervised Image Classification ImageNet Revisited Jigsaw (ResNet50 ×2) Top 5 Accuracy 68.0% #136 of 144 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

1x1 ConvolutionAverage PoolingBatch NormalizationBottleneck Residual BlockConvolutionGlobal Average PoolingKaiming InitializationMax PoolingReLUResidual BlockResidual Connection

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections