Papers › Rendezvous: Attention Mechanisms for the Recognition of Surgical Action Triplets in...
Rendezvous: Attention Mechanisms for the Recognition of Surgical Action Triplets in Endoscopic Videos
Chinedu Innocent Nwoye, Tong Yu, Cristians Gonzalez, Barbara Seeliger, Pietro Mascagni, Didier Mutter, Jacques Marescaux, Nicolas Padoy
Out of all existing frameworks for surgical workflow analysis in endoscopic videos, action triplet recognition stands out as the only one aiming to provide truly fine-grained and comprehensive information on surgical activities. This information, presented as <instrument, verb, target> combinations, is highly challenging to be accurately identified. Triplet components can be difficult to recognize individually; in this task, it requires not only performing recognition simultaneously for all three triplet components, but also correctly establishing the data association between them. To achieve this task, we introduce our new model, the Rendezvous (RDV), which recognizes triplets directly from surgical videos by leveraging attention at two different levels. We first introduce a new form of spatial attention to capture individual action triplet components in a scene; called Class Activation Guided Attention Mechanism (CAGAM). This technique focuses on the recognition of verbs and targets using activations resulting from instruments. To solve the association problem, our RDV model adds a new form of semantic attention inspired by Transformer networks; called Multi-Head of Mixed Attention (MHMA). This technique uses several cross and self attentions to effectively capture relationships between instruments, verbs, and targets. We also introduce CholecT50 - a dataset of 50 endoscopic videos in which every frame has been annotated with labels from 100 triplet classes. Our proposed RDV model significantly improves the triplet prediction mean AP by over 9% compared to the state-of-the-art methods on this dataset.
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Code
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Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action Triplet Recognition | CholecT50 | Rendezvous (TensorFlow v1) | Mean AP | 29.9 | #1 of 6 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Action Triplet Recognition | CholecT50 | Attention Tripnet (TensorFlow v1) | Mean AP | 23.4 | #3 of 6 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
Methods
Introduced by this paper: Class Activation Guided Attention Mechanism, MHMA
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