Papers › Rehearsal-Free Domain Continual Face Anti-Spoofing: Generalize More and Forget Less

Rehearsal-Free Domain Continual Face Anti-Spoofing: Generalize More and Forget Less

16 Mar 2023ICCV 2023 1arXiv:2303.09914archive 2025-07-28

Rizhao Cai, Yawen Cui, Zhi Li, Zitong Yu, Haoliang Li, Yongjian Hu, Alex Kot

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is recently studied under the continual learning setting, where the FAS models are expected to evolve after encountering the data from new domains. However, existing methods need extra replay buffers to store previous data for rehearsal, which becomes infeasible when previous data is unavailable because of privacy issues. In this paper, we propose the first rehearsal-free method for Domain Continual Learning (DCL) of FAS, which deals with catastrophic forgetting and unseen domain generalization problems simultaneously. For better generalization to unseen domains, we design the Dynamic Central Difference Convolutional Adapter (DCDCA) to adapt Vision Transformer (ViT) models during the continual learning sessions. To alleviate the forgetting of previous domains without using previous data, we propose the Proxy Prototype Contrastive Regularization (PPCR) to constrain the continual learning with previous domain knowledge from the proxy prototypes. Simulate practical DCL scenarios, we devise two new protocols which evaluate both generalization and anti-forgetting performance. Extensive experimental results show that our proposed method can improve the generalization performance in unseen domains and alleviate the catastrophic forgetting of the previous knowledge. The codes and protocols will be released soon.

PaperPDFConference PDFCode Syntology ran

In Syntology View this paper on Syntology: its repositories, every harvested function with whether it ran, its licence and the call to fetch it.

Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

For agents, Syntology's MCP tool lists every function and class Syntology harvested from this paper and whether it ran (how to connect): get_harvested_code_for_paper(arxiv_id="2303.09914")

Code

Syntology Ran 4 of 5 code samples harvested from 1 repository linked to this paper; 1 has no recorded run. Of those that ran: 4 ran with no contract checked.

By repository: found in paper text by Syntology: 5 samples from 1 repository, 4 ran. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023 found in paper text by Syntology report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

5 samples harvested; 4 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 1 has no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-25; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

4ran
1unverified

Licence: 5 of the 5 samples are pointer only, meaning Syntology does not serve that copy's text. This page shows no code text for any sample; each one links to its file in the repository.

Harvested from RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023. “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized input. It does not mean the output is correct, and nothing here reproduces the paper's results. “Honoured” and “violated” refer to a contract Syntology drafted from the code itself; “our draft was wrong” and “fixture could not drive it” are failures of Syntology's instrument, not of the code.

Each sample ends with its code_sha256, Syntology's identity for that exact code. An agent fetches the stored sample with Syntology's MCP tool get_code(code_sha256="…") (how to connect); click an identity to copy that call.

Repository labels, per sample. official repository: The archive marks this repository official for the paper. named in the paper: The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official. community (archive-listed): In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper. found in paper text by Syntology: Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted. community: Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested. Samples from a repository marked official are listed first. Licence labels name the repository's licence as recorded at harvest. “Pointer only” means Syntology does not serve that copy's text, for one of four reasons: no licence file was found; the licence was not identified; the licence is recorded as permissive but that copy's record is not marked cleared; or the licence is outside the permissive list Syntology serves text under (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD and similar). Some licences outside that list permit redistribution, such as WTFPL, and GPL-3.0 under its conditions; they are simply not on the list. Hover a licence label for the reason. File links open the file on GitHub at the default branch, which may have changed since the harvest.

Conv2d_cd RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023/code/models/dcl/convpass.py found in paper text by Syntology ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 442d4ef3b2ca4a6b · report
Conv2d_cd_pixel_difference_matrix4x4_unshared RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023/code/models/dcl/convpass.py found in paper text by Syntology ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 8b06b315427d1412 · report
Conv2d_cd_pixel_difference_matrix5x5_shared RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023/code/models/dcl/convpass.py found in paper text by Syntology ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 781349bc83de93d6 · report
Conv2d_cd_pixel_difference_matrix5x5_unshared RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023/code/models/dcl/convpass.py found in paper text by Syntology ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · e7fa30f23fc612bd · report
Convpass RizhaoCai/DCL-FAS-ICCV2023/code/models/dcl/convpass.py found in paper text by Syntology unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 01e5c4a8b9902380 · report

Tasks

Continual LearningDomain GeneralizationFace Anti-Spoofing

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.

Methods

Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAdapterAttentionBPEDense ConnectionsDropoutLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMulti-Head AttentionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerResidual ConnectionSoftmaxTransformerVision Transformer

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections