Papers › R2-D2: A Modular Baseline for Open-Domain Question Answering
R2-D2: A Modular Baseline for Open-Domain Question Answering
Martin Fajcik, Martin Docekal, Karel Ondrej, Pavel Smrz
This work presents a novel four-stage open-domain QA pipeline R2-D2 (Rank twice, reaD twice). The pipeline is composed of a retriever, passage reranker, extractive reader, generative reader and a mechanism that aggregates the final prediction from all system's components. We demonstrate its strength across three open-domain QA datasets: NaturalQuestions, TriviaQA and EfficientQA, surpassing state-of-the-art on the first two. Our analysis demonstrates that: (i) combining extractive and generative reader yields absolute improvements up to 5 exact match and it is at least twice as effective as the posterior averaging ensemble of the same models with different parameters, (ii) the extractive reader with fewer parameters can match the performance of the generative reader on extractive QA datasets.
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open-Domain Question Answering | Natural Questions | R2-D2 \w HN-DPR | Exact Match | 55.9 | #2 of 5 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Passage Retrieval | Natural Questions | DPR+ELECTRA-large-extreader-reranker | Precision@100 | 88.25 | #5 of 10 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Passage Retrieval | Natural Questions | DPR+ELECTRA-large-extreader-reranker | Precision@20 | 85.26 | #5 of 10 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Passage Retrieval | Natural Questions | DPR+RoBERTa-base-crossencoder-reranker | Precision@100 | 88.03 | #6 of 10 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Passage Retrieval | Natural Questions | DPR+RoBERTa-base-crossencoder-reranker | Precision@20 | 84.46 | #6 of 10 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Question Answering | Natural Questions | R2-D2 (full) | EM | 55.9 | #5 of 47 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Question Answering | Natural Questions (long) | R2-D2 \w HN-DPR | EM | 55.9 | #10 of 13 | Archive leaderboard | report |
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