Papers › Pseudo-CTs from T1-weighted MRI for planning of low-intensity transcranial focused...
Pseudo-CTs from T1-weighted MRI for planning of low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation: an open-source tool
Siti Nurbaya Yaakub, Tristan A. White, Eric Kerfoot, Lennart Verhagen, Alexander Hammers, Elsa F. Fouragnan
The archive published only this paper's code-link row. Authors, date and abstract are from arXiv's metadata (CC0), read from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12 where its title matched the archive's; the title is the archive's.
Background: Individual skull models of bone density and geometry are important when planning the expected transcranial ultrasound acoustic field and estimating mechanical and thermal safety in low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) studies. Computed tomography (CT) images have typically been used to estimate skull acoustic properties. However, obtaining CT images in research participants may be prohibitive due to exposure to ionising radiation and limited access to CT scanners within research groups. Objective: We present a validated open-source tool for researchers to obtain individual skull estimates from T1-weighted MR images, for use in acoustic simulations. Methods: We refined a previously trained and validated 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) to generate 100 keV pseudo-CTs. The network was pretrained on 110 individuals and refined and tested on a database of 37 healthy control individuals. We compared simulations based on reference CTs to simulations based on our pseudo-CTs and binary skull masks, a common alternative in the absence of CT. Results: Compared with reference CTs, our CNN produced pseudo-CTs with a mean absolute error of 109.8 +/- 13.0 HU across the whole head and 319.3 +/- 31.9 HU in the skull. In acoustic simulations, the focal pressure was statistically equivalent for simulations based on reference CT and pseudo-CT (0.48 +/- 0.04 MPa and 0.50 +/- 0.04 MPa respectively) but not for binary skull masks (0.28 +/- 0.05 MPa). Conclusions: We show that our network can produce pseudo-CT comparable to reference CTs in healthy individuals, and that these can be used in acoustic simulations.
Code
Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.
Code Syntology ran Syntology
Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.
Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections