Papers › Prospects of direct detection of ⁴⁸V gamma-rays from thermonuclear supernovae

Prospects of direct detection of ⁴⁸V gamma-rays from thermonuclear supernovae

31 Mar 2021arXiv:2103.16840links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Fiona H. Panther, Ivo R. Seitenzahl, Ashley J. Ruiter, Thomas Siegert, Stuart Sim, Roland M. Crocker

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Detection of gamma-rays emitted by radioactive isotopes synthesized in stellar explosions can give important insights into the processes that power transients such as supernovae, as well as providing a detailed census of the abundance of different isotope species relevant to the chemical evolution of the Universe. Observations of nearby supernovae have yielded observational proof that ⁵⁷Co powered the late-time evolution of SN1987A's lightcurve, and conclusive evidence that ⁵⁶Ni and its daughter nuclei power the light curves of Type Ia supernovae. In this paper we describe the prospects for detecting nuclear decay lines associated with the decay of ⁴⁸V, the daughter nucleus of ⁴⁸Cr, which is expected to be synthesised in large quantities - M_(Cr)∼1.9×10⁻² M_⊙ - in transients initiated by explosive helium burning (α-capture) of a thick helium shell. We calculate emergent gamma-ray line fluxes for a simulated explosion model of a thermonuclear explosion of carbon-oxygen white dwarf core of mass 0.45 M_⊙ surrounded by a thick helium layer of mass 0.21 M_⊙. We present observational limits on the presence of ⁴⁸V in nearby SNe Ia 2014J using the \textit{INTEGRAL} space telescope, excluding a ⁴⁸Cr production on the surface of more than 0.1 M_⊙. We find that the future gamma-ray mission AMEGO will have an approximately 5 per cent chance of observing ⁴⁸V gamma-rays from such events during the currently-planned operational lifetime, based on our birthrate predictions of faint thermonuclear transients. We describe the conditions for a 3σ detection by the gamma-ray telescopes \textit{INTEGRAL}/SPI, COSI and AMEGO.

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