Papers › Probabilistic Rainfall Estimation from Automotive Lidar

Probabilistic Rainfall Estimation from Automotive Lidar

23 Apr 2021arXiv:2104.11467archive 2025-07-28

Robin Karlsson, David Robert Wong, Kazunari Kawabata, Simon Thompson, Naoki Sakai

Robust sensing and perception in adverse weather conditions remain one of the biggest challenges for realizing reliable autonomous vehicle mobility services. Prior work has established that rainfall rate is a useful measure for the adversity of atmospheric weather conditions. This work presents a probabilistic hierarchical Bayesian model that infers rainfall rate from automotive lidar point cloud sequences with high accuracy and reliability. The model is a hierarchical mixture of experts model, or a probabilistic decision tree, with gating and expert nodes consisting of variational logistic and linear regression models. Experimental data used to train and evaluate the model is collected in a large-scale rainfall experiment facility from both stationary and moving vehicle platforms. The results show prediction accuracy comparable to the measurement resolution of a disdrometer, and the soundness and usefulness of the uncertainty estimation. The model achieves RMSE 2.42\,mm/h after filtering out uncertain predictions. The error is comparable to the mean rainfall rate change of 3.5\,mm/h between measurements. Model parameter studies show how predictive performance changes with tree depth, sampling duration, and crop box dimension. A second experiment demonstrates the predictability of higher rainfall above 300\,mm/h using a different lidar sensor, demonstrating sensor independence.

PaperPDFCode

Code

tier4/rainfall_modeling_open officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHub report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.

Tasks

Mixture-of-Experts

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.

Methods

Linear Regression

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections