Papers › Primordial black hole dark matter from catastrogenesis with unstable pseudo-Goldstone bosons
Primordial black hole dark matter from catastrogenesis with unstable pseudo-Goldstone bosons
Graciela B. Gelmini, Jonah Hyman, Anna Simpson, Edoardo Vitagliano
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We propose a new scenario for the formation of asteroid-mass primordial black holes (PBHs). Our mechanism is based on the annihilation of the string-wall network associated with the breaking of a U(1) global symmetry into a discrete Z_N symmetry. If the potential has multiple local minima (N>1) the network is stable, and the annihilation is guaranteed by a bias among the different vacua. The collapse of the string-wall network is accompanied by catastrogenesis, a large production of pseudo-Goldstone bosons (pGBs) -- e.g. axions, ALPs, or majorons -- gravitational waves, and PBHs. If pGBs rapidly decay into products that thermalize, as predicted e.g. in the high-quality QCD axion and heavy majoron models, they do not contribute to the dark matter population, but we show that PBHs can constitute 100\% of the dark matter. The gravitational wave background produced by catastrogenesis with heavy unstable axions, ALPs, or majorons could be visible in future interferometers.
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