Papers › Pix2seq: A Language Modeling Framework for Object Detection

Pix2seq: A Language Modeling Framework for Object Detection

22 Sep 2021ICLR 2022 4arXiv:2109.10852archive 2025-07-28

Ting Chen, Saurabh Saxena, Lala Li, David J. Fleet, Geoffrey Hinton

We present Pix2Seq, a simple and generic framework for object detection. Unlike existing approaches that explicitly integrate prior knowledge about the task, we cast object detection as a language modeling task conditioned on the observed pixel inputs. Object descriptions (e.g., bounding boxes and class labels) are expressed as sequences of discrete tokens, and we train a neural network to perceive the image and generate the desired sequence. Our approach is based mainly on the intuition that if a neural network knows about where and what the objects are, we just need to teach it how to read them out. Beyond the use of task-specific data augmentations, our approach makes minimal assumptions about the task, yet it achieves competitive results on the challenging COCO dataset, compared to highly specialized and well optimized detection algorithms.

PaperPDFConference PDFCodeCode Syntology ran

In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

For agents, Syntology's MCP tool lists every function and class Syntology harvested from this paper and whether it ran (how to connect): get_harvested_code_for_paper(arxiv_id="2109.10852")

Code

Syntology Ran 10 of 12 code samples harvested from 5 repositories linked to this paper; 2 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 1 ran · honoured contract; 2 ran · violated contract; 3 ran · our draft was wrong; 4 ran with no contract checked.

By repository: community (archive-listed): 12 samples from 5 repositories, 10 ran. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

google-research/pix2seq officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubtf report
moein-shariatnia/Pix2Seq mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
volgachen/Pix2Seq_Pytorch mentioned on GitHubpytorch report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

12 samples harvested; 10 ran; 1 honoured the contract we drafted; 2 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

1ran · honoured contract
2ran · violated contract
3ran · our draft was wrong
4ran
2unverified

Licence: 10 of the 12 samples are pointer only, meaning Syntology does not serve that copy's text. This page shows no code text for any sample; each one links to its file in the repository.

Harvested from 5 repositories linked to this paper, official or community; each sample names its own and says which. “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized input. It does not mean the output is correct, and nothing here reproduces the paper's results. “Honoured” and “violated” refer to a contract Syntology drafted from the code itself; “our draft was wrong” and “fixture could not drive it” are failures of Syntology's instrument, not of the code.

Each sample ends with its code_sha256, Syntology's identity for that exact code. An agent fetches the stored sample with Syntology's MCP tool get_code(code_sha256="…") (how to connect); click an identity to copy that call.

Repository labels, per sample. official repository: The archive marks this repository official for the paper. named in the paper: The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official. community (archive-listed): In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper. found in paper text by Syntology: Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted. community: Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested. Samples from a repository marked official are listed first. Licence labels name the repository's licence as recorded at harvest. “Pointer only” means Syntology does not serve that copy's text, for one of four reasons: no licence file was found; the licence was not identified; the licence is recorded as permissive but that copy's record is not marked cleared; or the licence is outside the permissive list Syntology serves text under (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD and similar). Some licences outside that list permit redistribution, such as WTFPL, and GPL-3.0 under its conditions; they are simply not on the list. Hover a licence label for the reason. File links open the file on GitHub at the default branch, which may have changed since the harvest.

DETR gaopengcuhk/Stable-Pix2Seq/models/detr.py community (archive-listed) ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 2630ab8a095c33dd · report
EncoderDecoder moein-shariatnia/Pix2Seq/model.py community (archive-listed) ran fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · 7261e3dde0bad885 · report
Pix2Seq volgachen/Pix2Seq_Pytorch/playground/pix2seq/pix2seq.py community (archive-listed) ran no licence file found · pointer only · 600431a357e72cd6 · report
convert_to_xywh gaopengcuhk/Unofficial-Pix2Seq/datasets/coco_eval.py community (archive-listed) ran · honoured contract fingerprinted Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · f31a58bf6457ced5 · report
dice_loss gaopengcuhk/Unofficial-Pix2Seq/models/segmentation.py community (archive-listed) ran · violated contract fingerprinted Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · ac8fe530cdad4d8c · report
evaluate gaopengcuhk/Unofficial-Pix2Seq/datasets/coco_eval.py community (archive-listed) ran · our draft was wrong Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · fe0ddcc2d420c9a0 · report
generate_square_subsequent_mask gaopengcuhk/Unofficial-Pix2Seq/models/transformer.py community (archive-listed) ran · violated contract fingerprinted Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · 894b253f35765276 · report
nested_tensor_from_tensor_list volgachen/Pix2Seq_Pytorch/playground/pix2seq/pix2seq.py community (archive-listed) ran · our draft was wrong no licence file found · pointer only · 8542cf00e1274bb3 · report
nested_tensor_from_tensor_list gaopengcuhk/Pretrained-Pix2Seq/playground/pix2seq/pix2seq.py community (archive-listed) ran no licence file found · pointer only · 9b0e434afd6ba1bb · report
sigmoid_focal_loss gaopengcuhk/Unofficial-Pix2Seq/models/segmentation.py community (archive-listed) ran · our draft was wrong fingerprinted Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · 5c0711aada67957e · report
Pix2Seq gaopengcuhk/Pretrained-Pix2Seq/playground/pix2seq/pix2seq.py community (archive-listed) unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 6bddc92dacf1a610 · report
build_transformer gaopengcuhk/Unofficial-Pix2Seq/models/transformer.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 recorded; this copy not marked cleared · pointer only · cd17dcaf812b820d · report

Tasks

Language ModelingLanguage ModellingObjectObject Detectionobject-detection

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (ViT-L) box AP 50.0 #81 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-C4) box AP 47.3 #97 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (ViT-B) box AP 47.1 #98 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R101-DC5) AP50 63.2 #118 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R101-DC5) AP75 48.6 #118 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R101-DC5) APL 60.4 #118 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R101-DC5) APM 48.9 #118 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R101-DC5) APS 28.2 #118 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R101-DC5) box AP 45.0 #118 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-DC5 ) AP50 61.0 #142 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-DC5 ) AP75 46.1 #142 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-DC5 ) APL 58.6 #142 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-DC5 ) APM 47 #142 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-DC5 ) APS 26.6 #142 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50-DC5 ) box AP 43.2 #142 of 220 Archive leaderboard report
Object Detection COCO minival Pix2seq (R50) box AP 42.6 #153 of 220 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections