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𝔽_q-zeros of sparse trivariate polynomials and toric 3-fold codes

21 May 2021arXiv:2105.10071links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Kyle Meyer, Ivan Soprunov, Jenya Soprunova

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For a given lattice polytope P in ℝ³, consider the space ℒ_P of trivariate polynomials over a finite field 𝔽_q, whose Newton polytopes are contained in P. We give an upper bound for the maximum number of 𝔽_q-zeros of polynomials in ℒ_P in terms of the Minkowski length of P and q, the size of the field. Consequently, this produces lower bounds for the minimum distance of toric codes defined by evaluating elements of ℒ_P at the points of the algebraic torus (𝔽_q^*)³. Our approach is based on understanding factorizations of polynomials in ℒ_P with the largest possible number of non-unit factors. The related combinatorial result that we obtain is a description of Minkowski sums of lattice polytopes contained in P with the largest possible number of non-trivial summands.

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