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On the biological plausibility of orthogonal initialisation for solving gradient instability in deep neural networks

27 Oct 2022arXiv:2211.08408archive 2025-07-28

Nikolay Manchev, Michael Spratling

Initialising the synaptic weights of artificial neural networks (ANNs) with orthogonal matrices is known to alleviate vanishing and exploding gradient problems. A major objection against such initialisation schemes is that they are deemed biologically implausible as they mandate factorization techniques that are difficult to attribute to a neurobiological process. This paper presents two initialisation schemes that allow a network to naturally evolve its weights to form orthogonal matrices, provides theoretical analysis that pre-training orthogonalisation always converges, and empirically confirms that the proposed schemes outperform randomly initialised recurrent and feedforward networks.

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