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Non-centering for discrete-valued state transition models: an application to ESBL-producing E. coli transmission in Malawi

16 Apr 2025arXiv:2504.11836links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

James Neill, Rebecca Lester, Winnie Bakali, Gareth Roberts, Nicholas Feasey, Lloyd A. C. Chapman, Chris Jewell

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Infectious disease transmission is often modelled by discrete-valued stochastic state-transition processes. Due to a lack of complete data, Bayesian inference for these models often relies on data-augmentation techniques. These techniques are often inefficient or time consuming to implement. We introduce a novel data-augmentation Markov chain Monte Carlo method for discrete-time individual-based epidemic models, which we call the Rippler algorithm. This method uses the transmission model in the proposal step of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, rather than in the accept-reject step. We test the Rippler algorithm on simulated data and apply it to data on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli collected in Blantyre, Malawi. We compare the Rippler algorithm to two other commonly used Bayesian inference methods for partially observed epidemic data, and find that it has a good balance between mixing speed and computational complexity.

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