Papers › Noise-based Local Learning using Stochastic Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

Noise-based Local Learning using Stochastic Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

17 Dec 2024arXiv:2412.12783archive 2025-07-28

Kees Koenders, Leo Schnitzpan, Fabian Kammerbauer, Sinan Shu, Gerhard Jakob, Mathis Kläui, Johan Mentink, Nasir Ahmad, Marcel van Gerven

Brain-inspired learning in physical hardware has enormous potential to learn fast at minimal energy expenditure. One of the characteristics of biological learning systems is their ability to learn in the presence of various noise sources. Inspired by this observation, we introduce a novel noise-based learning approach for physical systems implementing multi-layer neural networks. Simulation results show that our approach allows for effective learning whose performance approaches that of the conventional effective yet energy-costly backpropagation algorithm. Using a spintronics hardware implementation, we demonstrate experimentally that learning can be achieved in a small network composed of physical stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions. These results provide a path towards efficient learning in general physical systems which embraces rather than mitigates the noise inherent in physical devices.

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