Papers › Neutrino-nucleus cross sections for W-boson and trident production
Neutrino-nucleus cross sections for W-boson and trident production
Bei Zhou, John F. Beacom
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The physics of neutrino-nucleus cross sections is a critical probe of the Standard Model and beyond. A precise understanding is also needed to accurately deduce astrophysical neutrino spectra. At energies above ∼5 GeV, the cross section is dominated by deep inelastic scattering, mediated by weak bosons. In addition, there are subdominant processes where the hadronic coupling is through virtual photons, γ^∗: (on-shell) W-boson production (e.g., where the underlying interaction is ν_ℓ + γ^∗ →ℓ^- + W^+) and trident production (e.g., where it is ν+ γ^∗ →ν+ ℓ₁^- + ℓ₂^+). These processes become increasingly relevant at TeV--PeV energies. We undertake the first systematic approach to these processes (and those with hadronic couplings through virtual W and Z bosons), treating them together, avoiding common approximations, considering all neutrino flavors and final states, and covering the energy range 10--10⁸ GeV. In particular, we present the first complete calculation of W-boson production and the first calculation of trident production at TeV--PeV energies. When we use the same assumptions as in prior work, we recover all of their major results. In a companion paper, we show that these processes should be taken into account for IceCube-Gen2.
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