Papers › Neutrino Magnetic Moments Meet Precision N_(eff) Measurements

Neutrino Magnetic Moments Meet Precision N_(eff) Measurements

9 Nov 2022arXiv:2211.04669links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Shao-Ping Li, Xun-Jie Xu

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In the early universe, Dirac neutrino magnetic moments due to their chirality-flipping nature could lead to thermal production of right-handed neutrinos, which would make a significant contribution to the effective neutrino number, N_(eff). We present in this paper a dedicated computation of the neutrino chirality-flipping rate in the thermal plasma. With a careful and consistent treatment of soft scattering and the plasmon effect in finite temperature field theories, we find that neutrino magnetic moments above 2.7×10⁻¹²μ_B have been excluded by current CMB and BBN measurements of N_(eff), assuming flavor-universal and diagonal magnetic moments for all three generation of neutrinos. This limit is stronger than the latest bounds from XENONnT and LUX-ZEPLIN experiments, and comparable with those from stellar cooling considerations.

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