Papers › Near-circular orbits for planets around M/K-type stars with Earth-like sizes and instellations
Near-circular orbits for planets around M/K-type stars with Earth-like sizes and instellations
David Kipping, Diana Solano-Oropeza, Daniel A. Yahalomi, Madison Li, Avishi Poddar, Xunhe Zhang
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Recent advances have enabled the discovery of a population of potentially Earth-like planets, yet their orbital eccentricity, which governs their climate and provides clues about their origin and dynamical history, is still largely unconstrained. We identify a sample of 17 transiting exoplanets around late-type stars with similar radii and irradiation to that of Earth and use the "photoeccentric effect" - which exploits transit durations - to infer their eccentricity distribution via hierarchical Bayesian modelling. Our analysis establishes that these worlds further resemble Earth in that their eccentricities are nearly circular (mean eccentricity =0.060_(-0.028)^(+0.040) and ≤0.15), with the exception of one outlier of moderate eccentricity. The results hint at a subset population of dynamically warmer Earths, but this requires a larger sample to statistically confirm. The planets in our sample are thus largely subject to minimal eccentricity-induced seasonal variability and are consistent with emerging via smooth disk migration rather than violent planet-planet scattering.
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